Presents a summary of the effect of stocking on the environment and the composition of fi sh fauna of two adjacent lakes. We discuss the evaluation of the impact of herbivorous and carnivorous fishes. It is shown that the effect of grass carp on primary care has led to shifts in the ecosystem as a whole, including the creation of new conditions for the feeding of fish. This, as well as check-in an additional amount of pike, led to changes in the trophic status of water bodies and fisheries The quantities of commercial fi sh stocks have decreased, but increased the quality of their significance. Stocking has not produced a significant increase in fi sh production, but increased the profitability of fishery management without a radical change in the structure of fishing.

The paper discusses some aspects of the assessment of fishery resources in the ecosystem services complex. Determining of the value of the natural resources is necessary for their inclusion in the national planning and management of natural resources, the development of plans for socio-economic development of territories, evaluating of damages and for other economic indicators.

In a production environment, Belovskoye Fishery LLC investigated the effectiveness of manufactured and live feeds used in growing young sterlet: Le Guasant Neo Supra-S, Coppens Vital and bloodworm Chironomus plumosus. Le Guasant Neo Supra-S brand food was recognized as the most effective for feeding young sterlet in conditions of warm-water fisheries. It is not recommended to use bloodworm as a monocorm due to the high price in comparison with artificial food.

The article considers the issue of assessing the long-term results of work on fisheries reclamation in inland waters of fisheries significance in Russia, carried out by the branches of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Glavrybvod” on the state task in terms of their effectiveness. The relationship between dredging and clearing of watercourse beds and the dynamics of the number of producers of semi-navigable and non-aquatic fish in these rivers during spawning migrations has not been established. With long-term mowing of wetland vegetation in the shallow waters of reservoirs, deltas of large rivers and estuaries, there is no increase in their commercial fish productivity. A number of examples show the opposite effect of this type of work, which leads to a local deterioration of the ecological state of these reservoirs. At the same time, the repeatedly proven method of combating higher aquatic vegetation in the reservoirs of the south of Russia in low water conditions as biomelioration, based on the introduction of fish, consumers of autotrophic products by regional branches of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Glavrybvod” is practically not used. When installing artificial spawning grounds in the littoral zone of reservoirs, regular ichthyological monitoring of the effectiveness of spawning on them is not carried out. There are no reliable data confirming the significant positive impact of artificial spawning grounds on the population dynamics of commercial fish species of the limnophilic ecological group under conditions of significant spring water level depletion in Russian reservoirs. When catching predatory and low-value fish species in water bodies, legal obstacles arise due to the fact that the volume of seizure of predatory fish includes commercial objects for which the ODE is established annually and their catch is already carried out according to industrial quotas.

The peculiarities of the estimation of productivity from different points of view, including from the point of view of the consumer of aquaculture products; motivation, components and methods of an integrated estimation of productivity of aquaculture origin. The proposed new system of assessment of material, energy and economic (cost) components. It is stated that evaluation of the generative products of the fish that produce caviar, have food and commercial value.

The work covers issues of monitoring compliance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union in the fisheries sector with transitional provisions related to the technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) coming into force – 040/2016 «On the safety of fish and fish products», with the date of introduction on 01/09/2017.

This work is an attempt to trace changes in the fish fauna, their food supply and fish catches in the Small Aral Sea from the beginning of 1990s to the present. The purpose of our work is a comparative study of changes in the fishery value of the water reservoir at different stages of its development, including during the last anthropogenic regression. Both literature data and those obtained by the authors in the period 1991–2015 were used. Not only data related to the fauna and fish catches proper, but also data on their food supply, represented mainly by invertebrates, were taken into account. The stabilization of the level of the Small Aral Sea, which followed the construction of the Kokaral dam, greatly changed the situation. The gradual decrease in the salinity of the water reservoir allowed the fish living in the Syr Darya to return to the sea. There are currently 16 species of fish in the sea that can be found in commercial catches.

The article provides information on the results of experimental cultivation of rainbow trout in ameliorative ponds using fresh groundwater of high salinity. These studies were carried out in connection with the need to establish the ability of rainbow trout to adapt to non-standard growing conditions, in particular, exceeding the fishery maximum allowable concentrations for a number of ingredients in the water supply source. As a result of the work carried out, it was established that juvenile rainbow trout in conditions of increased salinity of fresh groundwater, while simultaneously observing other fisheries standards for water quality and feeding with highquality feed, demonstrates excellent growth and the absence of any developmental abnormalities. The results obtained allow us to consider the currently poorly used technical quality groundwater reserves as a promising base for the further development of aquaculture in the region.

The fl ow of fi sh products on the Moldovan market at the expense of objects of inland fi sheries, aquaculture and imports. The fi sh caught in natural waters, accounts for a minor share of the total local fi sh production: 0,3–0,5%. The main source of local fi sh production is freshwater aquaculture, the bulk of which today is pond aquaculture. Since 2000, the production of autochthonous fi sh produce in Moldova has increased 6.4 times, and has added up to more than 11,000 tons, or 33.4% of all fi sh and fi sh products consumed in the country. Overall year consumption of fi sh per capita has increased from 3.9 kg (2000) to 9.4 (2015), including the autochthonous fi sh products. Integration of researches in freshwater aquaculture through the collaboration of specialized research institutions, information exchange, joint projects’ development and their implementation is one of the links in the chain to ensure a reasonable management of aquatic ecosystems and food security, conservation of biodiversity of fi sheries facilities.

In recent time the decision of aggravated in the world food problem is increasingly dependent on the health of marine ecosystems. A variety of renewable biological resources, which support a productive shelf ecosystem is a key food for the people not only coastal countries but also throughout the world. However, sustainable marine management requires an adequate understanding of the new realities, reflecting changes in the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems under changing natural conditions and the growing press of anthropogenic impacts. You need a fundamental understanding of phenomena and processes occurring in the seas and oceans. The Arctic region of the Russian Federation has significant biological resources from the point of view of industrial fishing. Since the X century Russian Pomors and other Northern peoples have fished successfully in the Arctic. The use of the biological resources of the Arctic is more actual point in connection with climate change. A warming climate creates the possibility of a prolonged fishing expedition walrus and beluga whale and cod fisheries, pixy, plaice, saithe at incidental targeting fisheries. Their migration with the increase of heat content of Arctic waters increases and it is typical for warm years. Another important direction of development of the Russian Arctic is increasing shipping along the Northern sea route using a fleet of nuclear icebreakers. Currently, there is a need for the formation of a common development strategy of the Russian Arctic.

This work is an attempt to trace changes in the fish fauna, their food supply and fish catches in the Small Aral Sea from the beginning of the 20th century to the late 1980s. The purpose of our work is a comparative study of changes in the fishery value of the water reservoir at different stages of its development, including during the last anthropogenic regression. Both literature data and those obtained by the authors in the period 1991–2015 were used. Not only data related to the fauna and fish catches proper, but also data on their food supply, represented mainly by invertebrates, were taken into account. The native ichthyofauna consisted of 20 species of fish, mainly related to benthophages. The biomass of benthos was small — 20 g/m² due to the significant pressure of fish. The construction of the Tashkent railway was the reason for the emergence of the village of Aralsk in 1905, and the beginning of industrial fishing at sea, as it ensured the export of fish products. The catch of fish in the pre-revolutionary period reached a maximum of 48,300 tons. Planned acclimatization of fish and benthic organisms began to increase the fishery value of the reservoir. Some of them were unsuccessful. The introduction of plankton-eating fish affected not only the zooplankton of the sea, but also its benthic fauna, the abundance and biomass of which decreased. The increase in salinity because of the regression of the water reservoir led to a sharp depletion of the fauna. In the absence of pressure from fish, the biomass of benthic organisms increased by more than 10 times.

The history and current state of stock enhancement programs in North America are reviewed. 7th part of review is devoted to marine species. The North-American hatchery releases of larva of marine fishes began in the end of XIX century and ceased or transformed to commercial farming in second part of XX century but now new marine stock enhancement programs based on growing of fingerlings are developing for recreational fishery and conservation of rare species. The main objects of artificial propagation of marine fishes are red drum Sciaenops ocellatus, snook Centropomus undecimalis red snapper Lutjanus argentimaculatus, sea trout Cynoscion nebulosus, cobia Rachycentron canadum.

In the third part of review devoted to North-American hatchery programs the introduction of American shad into Pacific basin and contemporary state of artificial propagation of anadromous Alosines are considered. The main advantages of Alosines as objects of fish-breeding are high fertility, short term of river life, high adaptability to new conditions and capacity to invade into non-indigenous ecological systems. Despite of these advantages the artificial propagation leads to decline and extirpation of populations, so main condition of success of Conservation projects is restoration of migratory run and natural spawning.

The history and contemporary state of artificial propagation of valuable fishes in North America are reviewed. Apart from Conservation programs numerous releases of hatchery fry and fingerlings for commercial and recreational fisheries have taken place in USA and Canada. The main objects of Pacific fish-breeding are Oncorhyncus species but hatchery programs at Atlantic Coast included many different species. The second part of review is devoted to artificial propagation of Atlantic salmon and other salmonoid fishes including non-endogenous species in the drainage of Atlantic ocean in Canada and north-east states of USA.

The most rational way to reduce the eutrophic load on reservoirs-coolers of energy enterprises, in which the technological processes of energy production and growing fish products are not disrupted, is the introduction of fish-reclaimers into the reservoir. In this regard, full-system fisheries of this type include the production of fish-planting material of herbivorous species, in particular grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in their work plan. In the production conditions of Belovsky Fisheries LLC, a technology for growing planting material and commercial products of the white Amur has been developed, which has fully justified itself. At the same time, certain difficulties are associated with obtaining high-quality sexual products of herbivorous fish. Due to the technological features and hydrochemical regime of the reservoir, the production of plant-eating fish planting material is carried out with a high risk of over-aging of sexual products. Analysis of the results of spawning campaigns revealed a number of problems, including: zero percent of fertilization, early maturation and release of part of the eggs by females after a permissive injection, and gonad thrombosis. To solve the problem of low fertilization rate, special attention should be paid to sufficient oxygen concentration in water during pre-spawning operations with producers of Cupid. The problem of over-aging of sexual products and gonad thrombosis is proposed to be solved by using a flexible scheme of hormonal stimulation of producers.

The development of fish farming is noted as one of the priorities at the state level. There is an increase in subsidies allocated for these purposes, commercial banks are actively financing projects to create private fisheries. As a result, there is a need to reduce risks and protect investments. One of the most effective tools to protect fish farmers from production risks is insurance. The paper describes the current state of insurance of aquaculture objects. It is noted that the market is represented only by commercial insurance of aquatic organisms, and insurance with state support will begin to be applied only from 2019.