The issues of the current economic state of fish farming in the inland waters of Western Siberia are considered. It is noted that the rapid development of the industry was observed in the period 1960-1990. natural reservoirs and ponds were used for the production of fish. Fish production in pond farms ranged from 40 to 50% of the total catch in different administrative formations of the South of Western Siberia. The decline in production observed in the two thousand years was mainly due to the destruction of the structure of the industry, the violation of the technology of fish production and the resulting lack of production of fish planting material. At the present time there is a slow revival of the production. The volumes of fish production grown in natural reservoirs and pond farms are growing. Technologies are changing, the industrial method of growing fish with high efficiency is being introduced more widely. The industry should be developed with the involvement of specialists trained in universities with knowledge of fish biology and deep knowledge of the technology of their cultivation.

The subject of the following research is Caspian Sea endemic named round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) that inhabits the western coast areas of the North Caspian Sea. The article looks into morphometric indicators as well as meristic and qualitative characters. The chromosome complements explored are presented with 16 to 92 chromosomes with corresponding NF (i. e. “nombre fundamental”, arm number). During the research we have considered 68 metaphase plates of 4 Caspian round goby species. As follows from the analysis there are pathological chromosome abnormalities that bear evidence of littoral area pollution and may be considered as a genotoxic effect of aquatic environment contamination

The spatial distribution of fish in the cross section of the foothil river Inya (Upper Ob’ basin) was researched. There were identified four types of the ecotopes — upper stream plots (I), upper ripal plots (II), lower ripal plots (III), shallow rapid plots (IV). Water speed, depth and bottom sediments are the most significant factors determining the mosaic distribution of species composition of fish and ichthyomass.

A comparative analysis of the condition of gonads of coeval yearlings of nelma and peled under aquaculture conditions outside their ranges is carried out. Using histological methods, the state of the gonads was assessed, and the number of germ cells of different generations was calculated. It has been established that under identical cage conditions, coeval nelma and peled individuals with different size and weight parameters had different levels of development of the sex glands. The germ cells in most female nelma were represented by oogonies and oocytes of zygotene and pachytene stages, a part of oocytes of a few ones entered to period of previtellogenesis. The peled ovaries demonstrated more moved development stage: the generative part of gonads was occupied by previtellellogenic oocytes, among which the oogonies and oocytes of early meiosis prophase stages were presented. Spermatogonies in nelma testes were in the resting phase which in peled were in mitotically active phase. The results obtained reflect the specificity of early gametogenesis of and peled, which is associated with differences between these species in the rate of puberty.

Two-year-olds and seven-year-olds of the sterlet × beluga hybrid (Acipenser ruthenus × Huso huso) were examined to establish the functional state of the erythron system and metabolic blood homeostasis of these fish after wintering. It has been established that fish of an older age group are characterized by higher blood levels of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, cholesterol and glucose. The revealed age-related features of indicators of the erythron system and metabolic homeostasis are important for assessing the functional state of the hybrid organism during physiological adaptation to the conditions in the cages.

With the rapid development of fish farming in Kazakhstan, there is an urgent need to develop effective starting (and production) feeds that have low cost. The aim of this work is the development and testing of starter feeds for larvae of clarias catfish from domestic ingredients, as well as an assessment of the effect of starter feeds on fish-biological indicators of fish in a comparative aspect with the imported starter feed “AllerAqua”. Studies have shown that domestic food in its physicochemical and technological properties is not inferior to imported feed, has high water resistance, it swells quite well, is easily eaten by fish, and has a high feed ratio (0.9 units).

In a production environment, Belovskoye Fishery LLC investigated the effectiveness of manufactured and live feeds used in growing young sterlet: Le Guasant Neo Supra-S, Coppens Vital and bloodworm Chironomus plumosus. Le Guasant Neo Supra-S brand food was recognized as the most effective for feeding young sterlet in conditions of warm-water fisheries. It is not recommended to use bloodworm as a monocorm due to the high price in comparison with artificial food.

Studies have been carried out in four containers with an individual capacity of up to 0.7 m3 to examine the influence of the variations in the probiotic groups studied on water treatment and flocs formation. There has been a point of upwelling for each tank. TAN concentration in the containers was to 7 mg/l at the beginning of the experiences. Molasses was carbonaceous matter to nourish the bacteria flocs. The addition the nutrient to the tanks of BFT was conducted once in the first day of the experience based on 150 ml/m3 . By experimental way, it has been determined that all probiotic groups demonstrate a trend towards the flocs of active sludge formation with certain characteristics. The characteristics allow to use TAN for increasing own biological mass and detoxifying water, meaning the suitability for launching biofloc systems.

First experiments on artificial propagation of sturgeons were carried out 150 years ago: F.V. Ovsyannikov fertilized the sterlet eggs at Volga River. For one and half centuries large sturgeon facilities appeared with annual production of millions fingerlings of different species. Despite the massive stocking all species of anadromous sturgeons are in Red List of IUCN as “Critically endangered”. Main reasons of failing of artificial propagation of sturgeons are reviewed. The article is devoted to works of Father of Russian and Azerbaijan sturgeon breeding, Academician of Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan SSR A.N. Derzhavin.