Among the diseases of the digestive system, a significant place is occupied by acid-dependent diseases caused by excessive secretion of hydrochloric acid secreted by the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa. Due to their high prevalence and risk of complications, these pathologies represent a serious medical and social problem. Gastroprotective agents have a protective effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines. This group of medicines includes a range of drugs that differ in principle and mechanism of action, such as misoprostol, bismuth salts, as well as some herbal preparations, etc.
Omalizumab is one of the longest-used monoclonal antibodies and the first available treatment option for severe allergic asthma in patients aged 6 years and older. Its efficacy and safety were established in several randomized controlled trials, leading to its final registration over 15 years ago. In most cases, long-term treatment with omalizumab is safe and does not increase the risk of adverse reactions. However, over the years, there has been a trend towards an increase in the registration of adverse events associated with the use of omalizumab.
According to WHO, depressive disorders are 4 times more common among patients suffering from chronic pain with insomnia. Insomnia in depression complicated by pain is a clinical syndrome characterized by nocturnal sleep disorders and related disorders during daytime wakefulness, occurring even when there is sufficient time and conditions for sleep. Treatment of insomnia patients with amitriptyline, phenazepam, and bromocamphor reduced the average duration of hospitalization, improved the patients’ quality of life, and reduced the frequency of seeking neurological care.
Fungal infections in the elderly represent an important clinical problem with significantly higher mortality compared to younger patients. The authors are studying the safety of azole antifungals in the treatment of fungal infections.
The growing resistance of infectious agents to antimicrobial drugs (AMDs) is an important issue in antimicrobial therapy. The rate of emergence of new antibiotics against the background of the development and reproduction of resistant microorganisms is in stagnation. Ceftaroline, one of the AMD representatives, has valuable properties, which, among other things, distinguish it from other antibiotics. It is especially valuable for its activity against the main causative agent of the skin and soft tissue infection S. aureus (MRSA). It also exhibits activity against penicillin-, macrolide- and fluoroquinolone-resistant pneumococci, as well as Haemophilus influenzae strains that produce beta-lactamases, and provides opportunities for the treatment of respiratory infections.
Depression is a mental disorder manifested by depressed mood, cognitive and motor retardation, and suicidal ideas. In the modern world, the number of cases of a combination of mental and somatic pathologies is increasing in medical practice. Therefore, the issue of studying and correctly prescribing antidepressants is crucial. It is necessary that the drug should not only treat the mental illness of the patient, but also should not harm his/her physical health. Nialamide belongs to antidepressants, the mechanism of which is non-selective and irreversible inhibition of MAO-A and MAO-B.
In clinical practice, the occurrence of such a side effect as gastrotoxicity can occur in patients taking NSAIDs with any route of administration. In this case, damage not only to the upper parts of the digestive tract is noted, but also to the intestine as a whole, since NSAID-induced enteropathy is manifested by the intestinal permeability disorder with protein exudation and diapedesis of erythrocytes, as well as by the development of erosions, ulcers, and life-threatening complications: bleeding, perforation, intestinal obstruction, and the appearance of circular folds [1]. The purpose of the study: to investigate the morphofunctional state of the stomach after exposure to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and novel heterocyclic compounds synthesized by us which have been proven to have high analgesic activity in white rats.
Lipid metabolism disorder with a predominance of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol (CS) in the blood plasma contributes to the development of atherosclerotic diseases, which to date remain the main cause of death among the population, ranking first among all causes of death in the world and claiming the lives of 4 million Earth inhabitants every year. In this regard, there is a need to search for drugs that reduce the level of cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL in blood plasma. Such a group of drugs is PCSK9 inhibitors. Purpose of the study: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the new class of lipid-lowering drugs — PCSK9 inhibitors.
Heart failure (HF) with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a disease with an unfavorable prognosis, for the treatment of which there is a need to search for drugs that improve patients’ quality of life. Such a group of drugs is inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (iSGLT-2). Purpose of the study: to assess the efficacy and safety of the new class of antihyperglycemic drugs — iSGLT-2.
Purpose of the study: to evaluate the pharmacological activity of 1,3-diethylbenzimidazolium triiodide in the treatment of chronic compensated tonsillopharyngitis.
Purpose: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Tummy Ease dietary supplement in the treatment of patients with functional constipation and IBS with a predominance of constipation.
Glycine is an aliphatic non-essential amino acid that performs a number of very diverse functions, forms part of proteins and such vital substances as collagen and glutathione, participates in the synthesis of heme porphyrin rings and nucleic acids, and performs the function of an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
Based on the definition of obesity as a chronic, recurrent disease characterized by excessive deposition of adipose tissue in the body, it is obvious and understandable that the effectiveness of treatment is low, when in 95% of cases, it is not possible to reduce body weight for a long-term period, and a significant part of patients tend to return to initial body weight already in the first year after cessation of therapy. When all diets, psychotherapy and other attempts, including drug treatment, do not bring a special positive result, bariatric surgery methods come to the doctor and the patient’s aid. To date, bariatric surgery has been recognized as the most effective and radical method of treating morbid obesity. Bariatric surgery can lead to impressive results in terms of weight loss and improved health outcomes for patients. This type of surgery has become widespread today, and the number of operations and specialists in this field is growing every year.
The attributive contribution of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AH) to the development of cardiovascular complications (myocardial infarction, cerebral stroke, etc.) is up to 40 %. One of the factors affecting the clinical efficacy of antihypertensive therapy is the salt-dependent nature of blood pressure. It has recently been shown that a variant of the GNAI2 gene increases the risk of developing a salt-dependent pattern of increased blood pressure by 3 times (Xiaoling Zhang, 2018). The authors aim to study the features of the daily dynamics of blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension who have had myocardial infarction with different blood pressure salt sensitivity to individualize the choice of drug therapy.
Arterial hypertension is the main factor in the progression of CKD of any etiology; therefore, effective antihypertensive therapy is a crucial task of healthcare practice. In this work, the authors aim to study the comparative effectiveness of various types of combined antihypertensive therapy in patients with different blood pressure salt sensitivity.
The paper presents a pharmacoeconomic assessment of treatment costs and cost-effectiveness when using various options for antihypertensive pharmacotherapy (AHPT) in patients with hypertension. Purpose of the study: to conduct a comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of the standard antihypertensive pharmacotherapy and the therapy including quercetin or dihydroquercetin, in patients with hypertension.
Manifestations of mental maladaptation play an important role in diagnosing the consequences of stressful situations, and methods of their treatment include a wide range of therapeutic interventions. This paper describes a randomized placebo-controlled study of the efficacy and tolerability of the drug glycine based on a pharmaceutical composition of microencapsulated glycine and magnesium stearate in adjustment disorder with a predominance of disturbances in other emotions. In the glycine group, 82.4 % of patients achieved a significant improvement in the CGI score, while in the placebo group, this figure was 14.3 %. Glycine was safe and well tolerated by patients, none of the patients was prematurely excluded due to adverse events. The results of the study confirm the effectiveness of glycine and its superiority over placebo in this sample of patients with an improvement in all measured parameters.
The purpose of the research was to study the levels of autoantibodies (AAB) to dopamine receptors of type 2 (DR2), to dopamine and acetylcholine receptors in the blood of patients with schizophrenia and to identify the relationship between the content of specific antibodies (IgG) to neuroleptics and the amount of autoantibodies.
The authors set a goal to evaluate the severity of haloperidol catalepsy depending on the level of autoantibodies to dopamine receptors and dopamine in laboratory rats that were subjected to long-term administration of neuroleptics.
The author of the work sets the goal of personalizing the pharmacotherapy of patients receiving antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory therapy based on the metabolic profile of drugs.
