Doctors and healthcare workers are among the most «burnout» professions. Burnout syndrome occurs when there is physical and emotional exhaustion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical workers have the highest psychoemotional burden. Professional burnout can largely affect the efficiency of both the employee and the unit as a whole. Purpose — to investigate the syndrome of professional burnout among medical workers of COVID hospitals; outpatient medical workers and medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals. A group of medical workers from COVID hospitals (n = 201) was examined; a group of medical workers of the outpatient clinic level (n = 186); a group of medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals (n = 195), as well as a control group (n = 190). To study the professional burnout syndrome in the presented groups, the Maslach Burnout questionnaire was used. At the stage of the study, it was revealed that medical workers in COVID hospitals have significantly higher rates of «professional exhaustion» and «depersonalization» compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals (p ≤ 0.001) and outpatient medical workers (p ≤ 0.001). At the same time, medical workers in COVID hospitals have a significantly lower indicator of «reduction in personal achievements» compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient clinics. Thus, in a comparative study, it was revealed that all the studied groups of medical workers, according to the Maslach Burnout test, have increased rates of professional burnout. At the same time, medical workers in COVID hospitals have significantly higher rates of «professional exhaustion», «depersonalization» and lower values of the «reduction of personal achievements» indicator, compared with medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient clinics. Treatment of patients with novel coronavirus infection is a factor influencing the psychological health and professional burnout of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Currently, one of the main tasks of the state and society is to preserve and strengthen the health of the able-bodied population. Employees of medical organizations are exposed to the combined effects of a significant number of harmful occupational factors. In particular, factors of the production environment include biological, chemical and physical, factors of the labor process — tension and severity. Therefore, the study of working conditions of medical personnel is a priority in occupational hygiene. The purpose of the study is to identify the priority production-related and occupational pathology in a medical organization. The object of the study was 1443 maps of special assessment of working conditions, the results of laboratory and instrumental studies of microclimate parameters, lighting (5398 measurements in 60 rooms), air samples for the content of microorganisms (727 samples). According to studies of the conditions and nature of work at the workplaces of medical workers in the studied medical organizations, according to the results of a special assessment of working conditions and their own research, they corresponded to the harmful class 1–3 and for cancer hospital workers of the 4th degree. The level of maximum microbial load in the resident and nursing rooms increased by the middle of the work shift and remained high until the end of the working day. Since the air velocity in the studied rooms was at a very low level, this criterion may be a risk factor for aggravating the course of general somatic pathologies and, as a consequence, the development of production-related morbidity among medical workers. It can also be noted that in 100 % of cases, fungi were detected, with this number decreasing by the end of the working shift, representatives of the genus Staphylococcus, on the contrary, tended to increase from the beginning of the worker to its end. The conditions and nature of the work of medical workers in the studied medical organizations, according to the results of a special assessment of working conditions, corresponded to a harmful class of 1–4 degrees. The 4th degree of the 3rd class of working conditions was due to the work of staff with cytostatic drugs. The microclimatic parameters corresponded to hygienic standards (at low air speeds). In 100 % of cases, fungi and representatives of the genus Staphylococcus were found in all air samples. A detailed study of the species identification of micromycetes in the indoor air showed that the number of micromycetes of the genus Penicillium and Aspergillus significantly exceeded the number of other species.

The article is devoted to the assessment of the conditions and nature of work of workers of locomotive crews and carriage facilities, and to substantiate the need to improve the provision of safe working conditions in railway transport. A hygienic assessment of production and professional factors at the workplaces of locomotive drivers and car inspectors and repairmen in 2015–2019 was carried out. The working conditions and nature of work of 822 workers and 93 trainees, who underwent full-time practice in the profession of an assistant driver of a diesel locomotive, were studied. The indicators of the severity and intensity of the labor process for workers of locomotive crews (machinists and driver assistants) have been determined. The leading unfavorable production factors among the workers of the carriage economy have been established: the severity of labor, the noise factor. The most traumatic professions of the carriage economy were the inspector-repairman of the carriages and the mechanic for the repair of the rolling stock.

One of the criteria that characterize the quality of health of the working population is the incidence of temporary disability. It is characterized by the prevalence of cases of the disease among employees who served as a valid reason for not showing up at the workplace. The main task of research on morbidity with temporary disability is the formation of an analytical block of information, its further justification and the proposal on a scientific basis of a set of measures aimed at reducing the morbidity of the population at the federal, regional and territorial levels, as well as at the level of a certain sphere of labor activity. Purpose of the study is to study the level of morbidity with temporary disability of the population of the Samara region and individual professional groups to determine the leading groups of pathologies. The accounting form No. 16-VN «Information on the causes of temporary disability» for 2015–2020 was used, a survey of 140 medical workers and 60 social workers was conducted. Statistical and sociological methods of analysis are applied. In 2020, in the Samara region, there was a significant increase in the incidence rate compared to 2019: for all reasons — by 36.3 % in cases and 54.9 % in days, due to illness— by 46 % in cases and 62.6 % in days. A similar trend was observed for the indicators for the city of Samara. The indicator of the duration of cases of disability in the Samara region and the city of Samara for 2020 compared to 2019 also tended to increase for all reasons (by 13.7 % and 13.9 %, respectively) and for the reasons of illness (by 11.9 % and 11.2 %, respectively). Respiratory diseases (81.6 %), infectious and parasitic diseases (27.7 %), and diseases of the musculoskeletal system (11.4 %) were dominant in the structure of morbidity with temporary disability in medical workers. Employees of social service centers had respiratory diseases in the 1st place (75.7 %), circulatory diseases in the 2nd place (49.3 %), and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue in the 3rd place (27.4 %). A comparative analysis of the indicators of morbidity with temporary disability of the population of the Samara region in the dynamics for 2015–2019 and for 2020 revealed a significant increase in morbidity associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Differences in the structure of morbidity of medical personnel and employees of social service centers, studied for the period 2015–2019, were established.

Compliance with the principles of rational nutrition by the able-bodied population ensures the processes of biotransformation of harmful factors of the working environment, reduces the level of alimentary-dependent morbidity, occupational morbidity, industrial injuries, and contributes to an increase in labor productivity. The aim is to assess the nutritional-related health risks of the working-age population based on the cluster analysis of actual nutrition in order to develop preventive programs. The study involved 1624 people aged 18 to 65, 745 men and 879 women (workers in industrial enterprises, health care institutions, education, agriculture, and the private sector of the economy). The actual nutrition of the able-bodied population was carried out according to the questionnaire-survey method using the «Nutriprof» software complex, anthropometric indicators, hemodynamic parameters, indicators of carbohydrate, lipid metabolism, and vitamin provision were studied. Assessment of the dependence of alimentary-related risk factors with the nature of eating behavior was carried out using logistic regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis of food clusters made it possible to identify groups of the working-age population with the maximum risk of load due to the nutritional factor. The greatest number of risks was identified in cluster 2 with a high adherence to a «high-calorie» diet (excessive consumption of bakery products, fat and oil, sausages, confectionery and sugary carbonated drinks). Cluster analysis of the actual nutrition of the working-age population can be used to study the influence of risk factors associated with nutrition on health, as well as to develop and implement programs in the field of healthy nutrition in the context of the prevention of food-dependent diseases.

The analysis of indicators of radiation exposure of medical workers of the dental profile of the Samara region during medical procedures for the period from 2004 to 2019 is carried out in comparison with the quantitative dynamics of X-ray diagnostic studies. The main directions of occupational safety indicators of medical workers of the dental profile when working with X-ray diagnostic equipment have been determined. The purpose was to conduct a comparative analysis of the radiation exposure indicators of medical workers of the dental profile of the Samara region during medical procedures for the period from 2004 to 2019, to characterize the radiation safety of personnel. An analytical work was carried out on the indicators of the average radiation dose of medical workers of the dental profile of the Samara region during medical procedures according to the data of radiation and hygienic certification of the territory of the Samara region for the period from 2004 to 2019. In the framework of this study, the number and demand for X-ray diagnostic procedures in medical institutions of the dental profile among the population. A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of X-ray studies and the values of the average individual dose of radiation for personnel working with X-ray dental devices in 10 large medical institutions of the dental profile of various forms of ownership in the territory of Samara and the Samara region (C1-C10) for the period from 2004 to 2019 was carried out…. on the basis of the annual forms of statistical reporting of the radiation-hygienic passport of the organization (RGPO). The decrease in radiation exposure is due to the replacement of outdated equipment with more modern ones, the transition from film types of research to digital ones, an increase in personnel literacy in the field of radiation safety, which characterizes the improvement of radiation safety indicators for dental personnel in Samara and the Samara region.