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UDK: 613.287.1 DOI:10.33920/med-08-2206-01

Professional burnout of outpatient and inpatient healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic (according to Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI)

Ostryakova Natalya Aleksandrovna resident of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after honored scientist of the Russian Federation professor V.V. Kosarev, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation, kosm-90@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5459-691X
Strizhakov Leonid Aleksandrovich PhD in Medicine, professor, head of the Center for Occupational Pathology of the Ministry of Health of Russia, professor of the Department of Internal, Occupational Diseases and Rheumatology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), bld. 2, 8, Trubetskaya str., Moscow, 119991, strizhakov76@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2291-6453
Babanov Sergey Anatolievich PhD in Medicine, professor, head of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after honored scientist of the Russian Federation professor V.V. Kosarev, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, chief freelance specialist in occupational pathology of the Ministry of Health of the Samara Region, 89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation, s.a.babanov@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1667-737X
Vinnikov Denis Vladimirovich PhD in Medicine, professor, head of the Research Laboratory of Health and Environment, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 71, Al-Farabi Ave., Almaty, 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan, denisvinnikov@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0991-6237
Sazonova Olga Viktorovna PhD in Medicine, associate professor, director of the Institute of Preventive Medicine, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation, o.v.sazonova@samsmu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4130-492X
Gavryushin Mikhail Yurievich PhD Candidate in Medicine, deputy director of the Institute of Preventive Medicine, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation, m.yu.gavryushin@samsmu.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0897-7700
Kuvshinova N. Y. Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE SamSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia), Samara, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0780-7336
Agarkova Anna Sergeevna 3rd year student of the Institute of Clinical Medicine, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 89, Chapaevskaya str., Samara, 443099, Russian Federation, medsamara@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4065-5875

Doctors and healthcare workers are among the most «burnout» professions. Burnout syndrome occurs when there is physical and emotional exhaustion. During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical workers have the highest psychoemotional burden. Professional burnout can largely affect the efficiency of both the employee and the unit as a whole. Purpose — to investigate the syndrome of professional burnout among medical workers of COVID hospitals; outpatient medical workers and medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals. A group of medical workers from COVID hospitals (n = 201) was examined; a group of medical workers of the outpatient clinic level (n = 186); a group of medical workers of multidisciplinary hospitals (n = 195), as well as a control group (n = 190). To study the professional burnout syndrome in the presented groups, the Maslach Burnout questionnaire was used. At the stage of the study, it was revealed that medical workers in COVID hospitals have significantly higher rates of «professional exhaustion» and «depersonalization» compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals (p ≤ 0.001) and outpatient medical workers (p ≤ 0.001). At the same time, medical workers in COVID hospitals have a significantly lower indicator of «reduction in personal achievements» compared to medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient clinics. Thus, in a comparative study, it was revealed that all the studied groups of medical workers, according to the Maslach Burnout test, have increased rates of professional burnout. At the same time, medical workers in COVID hospitals have significantly higher rates of «professional exhaustion», «depersonalization» and lower values of the «reduction of personal achievements» indicator, compared with medical workers in multidisciplinary hospitals and outpatient clinics. Treatment of patients with novel coronavirus infection is a factor influencing the psychological health and professional burnout of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Среди профессионально обусловленных психических феноменов особое место отводится синдрому профессионального выгорания [1–4]. Пандемия новой коронавирусной инфекции оказывает серьезное воздействие на психологическое здоровье медицинских работников (МР). Оперативная перестройка медицинских учреждений, условия работы практически соответствуют чрезвычайной ситуации, ежедневно МР получают огромный объем новой информации в виде приказов, методических рекомендаций. Всё это создает дополнительную нагрузку. Согласно отечественным и международным данным, высокий уровень нагрузки и угрозы заражения значительно повышают риск профессионального выгорания [5–8].

Цель — исследовать синдром профессионального выгорания среди МР COVID-госпиталей, оказывающих медицинскую помощь больным COVID-19; МР амбулаторно-поликлинического звена, работающих в условиях повышенного эпидемического порога по ОРВИ, гриппу и COVID-19 и МР многопрофильных стационаров, оказывающих медицинскую помощь по своему основному профилю и периодически, выявляющих пациентов с заболеванием COVID-19.

Исследование выполнено на кафедре профессиональных болезней и клинической фармакологии имени заслуженного деятеля науки Российской Федерации, профессора Косарева В.В. ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации и отделения профпатологии областного центра профпатологии ГБУЗ СО «Самарская медико-санитарная часть № 5 Кировского района». Согласно поставленной цели и задачам, в качестве объектов исследования были выбраны следующие группы:

Медицинские работники COVID-госпиталей, оказывающие медицинскую помощь больным COVID-19. Выборку составили МР в количестве 201 человека в возрасте от 25 до 64 лет.

Медицинские работники амбулаторно-поликлинического звена, работающие в условиях повышенного эпидемического порога по ОРВИ, гриппу и COVID-19. Выборку составили МР в количестве 186 человек в возрасте от 25 до 64 лет.

Медицинские работники многопрофильных стационаров, оказывающие медицинскую помощь по своему основному профилю и периодически выявляющие пациентов с заболеванием COVID-19. Выборку составили МР в количестве 195 человек в возрасте от 25 до 64 лет.

For citation:
Ostryakova Natalya Aleksandrovna, Strizhakov Leonid Aleksandrovich, Babanov Sergey Anatolievich, Vinnikov Denis Vladimirovich, Sazonova Olga Viktorovna, Gavryushin Mikhail Yurievich, Kuvshinova N. Y., Agarkova Anna Sergeevna, Professional burnout of outpatient and inpatient healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic (according to Maslach Burnout Inventory, MBI). Sanitary Doctor. 2022;6.
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