Issue of clinical polymorphism is especially important in the diagnosis of conditions that are clinically manifested by the complex of symptoms of a «floppy baby». It is not a separate nosological form, its clinical features are not specific, the course and outcome are variable. Diffuse muscular hypotonia can be a sign of a large number of somatic and neurological diseases, in particular, hereditary metabolic diseases and degenerative diseases of the nervous system. According to the level of damage, it can be classified into hypotonia of central and peripheral origin. Their differential diagnosis is carried out according to a number of criteria. Differences in treatment tactics and prognosis of opportunities during inclusion period determine importance of topical diagnosis of the degree of damage. Timely determination of this syndrome in a child allows to start searching for the causes of this condition and comprehensive treatment.
Every child has a fever — high temperature — at least once a year. There is still an opinion among parents about the extreme danger of fever, so they immediately try to bring it down, even if it is under 38 °C. Fever firmly holds the primacy in the list of symptoms when pharmacological treatment is prescribed. And doctors, wanting to alleviate condition of the child, and most importantly, trying to prescribe treatment the effect of which will be immediately visible, also often resort to the prescription of antipyretic drugs that is not always justified.
Hypothermia in newborns is a violation of heat metabolism, which is accompanied by a decrease in body temperature below 36.4 °C, manifested by polysystemic disorders of the central nervous system, cardiovascular, respiratory and other systems of the infant's body. Hypothermia occurs with a decrease in the axillary temperature in the newborn lower than 36.4 °C. It can develop rapidly, within 1–2 minutes, with a loss of temperature at a speed of 0.4 °C. It is a serious complication that requires quick and intensive correction; it can lead to irreversible changes, and even death, without the necessary medical care.
The widespread prevalence of comorbid pathology determines the relevance of this problem. Comorbid pathology due to the interaction of diseases, drug pathomorphism, age characteristics of the patient, significantly changes clinical picture and course of the main nosology, affects severity of complications and their nature, significantly affects quality of life and prognosis of patients. Diagnosis and treatment of many diseases is complicated in the conditions of comorbidity. The article presents a clinical case of a comorbid patient with arterial hypertension from the moment of exposure to risk factors and ending with the formation of many concomitant diseases, as an example of trans-nosological comorbidity.
Infusion therapy during the neonatal period is prescribed if it is not possible to start enteral nutrition for infant (breast milk/formula) or if it is necessary to maintain (correct) concentration of glucose and/or electrolytes. The main objective of infusion therapy is to maintain the proper volume of extracellular fluid. For adequate infusion therapy, it is necessary to determine physiological needs for fluids, calculate pathological losses, choose a solution for infusion therapy, calculate the amount of electrolytes administered, and determine the rate of infusion. Despite the fact that infusion therapy has been used widely and for a long time, there are still many unresolved issues, and the main ones are still «When?», «What?» and «How much?»
Pregnant women are at risk for the development and progression of major dental diseases — caries and periodontal diseases. Dental pathology in pregnant women affects development of the fetus. An urgent task is to develop an algorithm for the effective and safe treatment of dental diseases in women at different stages of pregnancy, which will increase the level of effectiveness and safety of dental care provided by dentists of health care institutions of various forms of ownership.
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscles, caused by direct or indirect — through immune mechanisms — exposure to infectious, physical and chemical factors, as well as developing in case of autoimmune diseases and heart transplantation. Inflammatory myocardial diseases are one of the rare nosological forms in cardiology, which, despite its nearly two-century history, still does not have clear guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.
There is no family that did not experience distressful moments of cry and fussiness of the infant in the first 3 months of the baby’s life. The cries of the infant in the first months of life are the most common reason for contacting health workers around the world. As a result of the analysis of the child’s behavior and numerous discussions, the main conclusion has been made that crying can be considered an attempt to attract attention and receive care from others (parents), and then it is a reflection of the baby’s temperament. But crying can be a signal of real discomfort, pain, illness. Differential diagnosis is based on understanding and identifying clinical nuances, and the correct diagnosis determines the quality of care.
Not so long ago, one well-known title published a rating of countries according to the degree of their influence on geopolitics. The United States, which took the first place, entered the top three with Russia, which was ranked the second, and the third place in the rating was confidently taken by China. The Chinese have made a huge breakthrough in the field of economics and politics over the past 20 years, they have been able to successfully take strong positions in global business and entrepreneurship, and in many areas of life they dictate their own rules. If we take into account the fact that almost every fifth inhabitant of the planet is Chinese, it becomes clear that this country forms certain trends in the medical sphere.
«Man is what he eats,» these words belong to the great Pythagoras. He meant by these words the connection of the origin of consumed food with the spiritual development of man. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food and, of course, on the degree of its perception by the body. Digestion process begins not in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of products with teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the whole organism — people should start taking care of their teeth from the early childhood and dentists, who are far from being beloved by everybody and are often carelessly evaded, are called upon to help keep the teeth healthy.
