Objective: to evaluate the features and prognosis of the comorbid development of nephrotic syndrome (NS) and atopic dermatitis (AD) in children. Material and methods: clinical and immunological studies were carried out in 145 children aged 7–11 years with nephrotic syndrome (nephrotic form of chronic glomerulonephritis) and comorbid atopic dermatitis. Among them: Group I — 40 NS; Group II — 40 NS+AD; Group III — 40AD. The control group consisted of 25 healthy children of the same age. Results: in NS, NS+AD and AD, qualitative and quantitative signs were highly informative, that is, in NS: oliguria, proteinuria, CD3; With AD+NS: edema, total protein, ABL to kidney tissue, CIC; For AD: skin itching, IgE. Immunopathological indicators, such as increased ABL to kidney tissue, increased CIC, IgE and IL2, IL4, serve as immunopathogenetic diagnostic criteria for NS+AD. Conclusion. Immunopathological symptoms are highly informative for predicting NS, NS+AD and AD in children, and the algorithm can be recommended for widespread use in predicting such nephrological and allergic diseases.

This article examines statistical methods used in medicine to analyze data, evaluate treatment effectiveness, and identify patterns in diseases. We discuss key statistical approaches such as descriptive statistics, hypotheses, regression analysis, and sampling methods. Particular attention is paid to the role of statistical models in clinical trials, as well as the importance of statistical tests for confirming the results of medical research. The analysis revealed that the use of adequate statistical methods significantly increases the reliability of conclusions and the quality of medical decisions. The article emphasizes the need to train medical professionals in statistical approaches to improve practice and set scientific goals.

A review of literature from databases is presented from https://elibrary.ru, https://scholar.google.ru, https://cyberleninka.ru. Personal protective equipment (PPE) was analyzed: types, purpose and features

Currently, the main directions of scientific and technological development are being determined in the country. Of particular relevance is the identification of the target audience and the available niches of the market of medical services for genetic sequencing. We have considered this issue in connection with the identification of risk factors for the birth of children with genetic abnormalities and the provision of early medical, psychological, and pedagogical assistance and support to them.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic progressive disease with variable outcome. Treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is aimed at eliminating risk factors, improving metabolic status, and preventing disease progression. The mainstay of therapy is lifestyle modification, including nutrition and physical activity. A personalized diet with the elimination of dietary risk factors and subsequent organization of rational nutrition play an important role. Pharmacotherapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease currently has no approved specific drugs, but some drugs are used «off-label» to reduce inflammation and fibrosis or treat concomitant metabolic disorders. For example, metformin is used in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus or prediabetes to improve insulin sensitivity, although its effect on liver fibrosis is limited. Thiazolidinediones such as pioglitazone can reduce liver steatosis and inflammation in patients with metabolically associated liver disease, but their use is limited to patients with a confirmed diagnosis. Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) may be useful in non-diabetic patients with NASH to reduce liver inflammation at a dose of 800 IU/day, but its long-term use requires caution due to possible side effects. Statins (atorvastatin, rosuvastatin) are widely used to control cholesterol levels and prevent cardiovascular complications and are safe in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists (eg, losartan) may have an additional antifibrotic effect. New approaches to the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are currently being actively studied. For example, GLP-1 agonists (liraglutide, semaglutide) and SGLT-2 inhibitors (dapagliflozin, empagliflozin), used to treat type 2 diabetes, show promising results in reducing body weight and reducing liver steatosis. Drugs with antifibrotic action, such as obeticholic acid, are also being studied.

At the epidemiological stage of the study, 2063 people (903 men and 1160 women) were examined in four age cohorts: 30–39 years, 40–49 years, 50–59 years, 60 years and older in the Kirovsky and Krasnoglinsky districts of Samara. The results of the study showed a fairly high incidence of COPD (COPD) in a large industrial center of the Middle Volga region. In the total cohort, COPD was detected in 14.49 % of the 2063 men and women examined, without separation by gender (at 30–39 years — 10.76 %, at 40–49 years — 10.89 %, at 50–59 years — 15.88 %, at 60 years and older — 21.30 %). COPD was detected in 18.72 % of all 903 examined men and in 11.21 % of all 1160 examined women (p<0.001). It has been proven that the leading risk factors for COPD are: male gender, age, smoking, environmental conditions, heredity, level of education, marital status.