The purpose of the research was to study the epizootic situation on contamination of environmental objects with invasive elements in pig breeding farms. The epizootic situation on contamination of environmental objects with invasive elements in pig farms was studied in the Moscow and Kaluga regions. According to the degree of contamination with invasive elements of parasitic protozoa and nematodes, the environmental objects in farrowing pig houses and in buildings for housing piglets of rearing groups are the floors of stalls and passages, as well as feeders. The least contaminated with oocysts and cysts of parasitic protozoa, eggs and larvae of helminths are the walls of stalls. In the surveyed pig farms of industrial type, the epizootic process for parasitic protozoa such as cryptosporidia, isospora, eimeria, balantidia is constantly acting due to the presence of all components of the epizootic process. Sources of invasion are infected animals; transmission factors are objects of the external environment contaminated with invasive elements and susceptible animals, especially piglets.

The purpose of our work was to study the species composition and symptoms of equine helminthiasis in farms in the Tyumen region. Clinical examinations of animals and coprological studies of horse feces for the presence of intestinal helminthiasis were conducted. The contents of the surface of perianal folds, films around the anus, and the perineal area taken with a stick and transparent adhesive tape were also checked. The diagnosis was confirmed by generally accepted laboratory research methods (Fülleborn, helminthoscopy, flotation according to G. A. Kotelnikov and V. M. Khrenov). The results of the studies showed that the most frequently registered helminths in horses were those of the Nematoda class, suborder Strongylata (Delafondia vulgaris, Strongylus equinus and Trichonema sp.) with an extensiveness of invasion (EI) of 67.20±2.07 % at the infection intensity = 647.10±5.47 eggs per gram of feces (eggs/g), Parascaris equorum – EI = 48.00±1.52 % at the infection intensity = 409.7±5.4 eggs/g, Oxyuris equi – EI = 20.20±1.16 % at the infection intensity = 436.40±3.67 eggs/g, Strongyloides westeri – EI = 9.40±0.53 % at the infection intensity = 87.60±2.78 eggs/g. Helminths of the Cestoda class of the Anoplocephalata perfoliata species were detected less frequently – EI = 0.20±0.03 % with the infection intensity = 10.30±0.74 eggs/g.

The purpose of our research was to assess the epizootic situation for rabies in the Moscow region in 2020–2021, also to identify the main reasons for the stationary unfavorable situation in the region for this disease. The objects of the research were the administrative districts of the Moscow region. The epizootic situation in the Moscow region for rabies was determined based on the accounting and reporting materials of the veterinary statistics of the Main Veterinary Administration of the Moscow Region, the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Veterinary Center”, and the Information and Analytical Center at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Health”. The following research methods were used such as epizootological, using statistical data that made it possible to retrospectively analyze the epizootic situation in the region; comparative historical and geographical methods, which made it possible to study the cause of rabies, the dynamics of its spread over time, and the spatial and territorial distribution of the disease. According to the veterinary department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Moscow Region the region is stationary unfavorable for this disease. In 2020, 42 cases of rabies were detected in such urban districts as Domodedovo, Lotoshino, Lukhovitsy, Mozhaisk, Naro-Fominsk, Odintsovo, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Ruza, Serpukhov, Stupino, Chekhov, Shatura, Yegoryevsk. An outbreak of the disease was registered covering 11 districts. In 2021, 20 unfavorable areas and 20 sick animals of different species were identified. Wild animals accounted for 35 % of cases. The disease was noted among representatives of the order of carnivores such as badgers, raccoon dogs, and foxes. In domestic animals, rabies was also recorded mainly among carnivores such as dogs and cats, but a single case of the disease in small cattle was also noted. A total of 13 such cases were noted (65 % of the total). Dogs were the most susceptible to rabies, 45 % of those who fell ill. In the Moscow Region, the epizootic situation with rabies remains tense. Sporadic cases of this disease were observed. The prognosis for the development of the epizootic situation will be unfavorable, since the main risk factors for the spread of the disease in the Moscow Region and the Russian Federation as a whole have not been eliminated.

The purpose of our research was to describe the causes of occurrence and the extent of spread of diseases of oncontagious etiology and to determine the level of morbidity and mortality of sheep and goats. The presented material was based on data on medical examination, morbidity and mortality of young and adult livestock, statistical veterinary reporting for 2020–2021. Analysis of the results of statistical reporting showed that in 2021 compared with 2020 there was a tendency to decrease in the number of sheep and goats that were subjected to a general comprehensive medical examination, by 0.7 and by 75.19 % the number of biochemical studies of blood serum of small cattle. In adult animals, the number of primarily registered diseases of noncontagious etiology increased by 43 %, while the mortality rate was 38.57 %. Of the total number of non-infectious pathologies of small cattle, the number of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract increased by 202.65 %, metabolic diseases and obstetric and gynecological pathology increased by 264.0 and 148.54 %, diseases of the respiratory system by 81.06 %. The number of poisoning cases increased by 60.5 %, but the number of mastitis and injuries decreased by 35.17 and 11.46 %. The incidence of noncontagious diseases in young animals aged 1 to 10 days and 10 to 30 days decreased by 7.59 and 52.71 %, respectively, but the incidence of young animals over 30 days of age increased 3 times. Mortality of young animals aged 1 to 10 days decreased by 26.59 %, of young animals aged 10 to 30 days by 35.46 %, of young animals over 30 days by 82.21 %. Tracking and processing of available information documents the prevalence of diseases of noncontagious etiology, clearly confirms the feasibility of radical changes in strategic positions to improve confrontation in the covered issues.

The purpose of our research was to determine the most effective method of treating cows with retained placenta. The research was carried out at the Ashkadarsky SP LLC in the Meleuzovsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan. An effective method of treating cows with retained placenta was the introduction of the antibacterial drug Ceftiomik subcutaneously at a dose of 10 ml for 5 days, the general tonic drug Butofan 100 subcutaneously at a dose of 20 ml, and a daily rectal massage for 3–5 minutes twice the day for 5 days to enhance contractions of the uterine muscles. The use of this method led to a reduction in the number of days of treatment and a decrease in the cost of drugs.

The purpose of our work was to study the range of antiseptics and disinfectants for veterinary use registered in the territory of the Russian Federation to meet the needs of the target consumer market. An analysis of the market of the studied drugs was carried out by pharmacotherapeutic groups, the number of active substances included in the target products, the relationship to the country of manufacture, the manufacturing company, the type of dosage form, the period of registration and objects of veterinary use. The data obtained will ensure that specialized specialists are informed, expand their professional horizons and as a result improve the coordination of material, labour and financial assets of the veterinary organization and its activities in general.

The purpose of our research was to assess the biological value of the most significant component of milk of cows of Holstein breed produced under intensive technology conditions such is the protein component. The study was carried out at Agro-Industrial Complex Rus LLC in the Ryazan Region. The biological value of proteins was determined by the amino acid index (the ratio of essential and replaceable amino acids) and the amino acid score (AS), using the improved method for calculating the biological value of food products and rations (DIAAS) and the refined formula of the FAO reference protein. The studied milk samples were found to have a high protein concentration (3.35 %) and a full set of essential and replaceable amino acids, which confirmed its completeness. Replaceable amino acids prevailed in the protein complex, the total concentration of which was 13.83 % higher than that of essential amino acids. So their amino acid index was only 0.76. A low amino acid index and the presence of two limiting amino acids reduce its biological value. Because of the imbalance of digestible essential amino acids relative to the standard model, their bioavailability coefficients vary widely from 68.3 % (methionine + cysteine) to 208.5 % (threonine). The amino acid complex methionine + cysteine is the first limiting amino acid, limiting the use of milk proteins to 68.3 %. Therefore, protein nutrition of cows in Agro-Industrial Complex Rus LLC should be considered as amino acid feeding, and balancing of rations should be carried out taking into account accessible essential amino acids.

The purpose of the work was to review the breeding horses owned to the LLC Horses Stud Farm Progress. The materials for the study included breeding records and official results of race trials at hippodromes. The objects of the study were stallions, broodmares and young thoroughbreds horses owned to the LLC Horses Stud Farm Progress. The high-class racing animals are housed at LLC Horses Stud Farm Progress, which bred from leading countries in the world of thoroughbred horse breeding. However, the gene pool is biased towards the progeny of the stallion Nearco, which has a negative impact on the genetic diversity of the breed.

The purpose of this work is a comparative evaluation of the influence of extrusion and granulation technology on the quality and safety indicators of feed using the example of the production of a protein and mineral feed additive. The objects of the study were the developed mixture of components for the production of a mixed and granulated feed additive. For the studies, installations for extrusion and granulation of components were used. The quality and safety indicators were determined using generally accepted standard methods. It was found during the studies that the proposed technological modes of feed processing did not affect the reduction of the mass fraction of protein, phosphorus and calcium. At the same time, a reduced content of the mass fraction of moisture in the feed was noted, which was 8.8 %. The proposed technology will reduce the productive development of microbial contamination in granulated feed, which helps to extend the shelf life of feed and justify the feasibility of using the proposed methods and parameters to ensure the safety of feed production.