Another war in the Middle East. It would seem that it is another act in a the very old conflict between Israel and Palestine. What’s the difference? Why should this act radically change the Middle East and very likely not only it? In this regard, the authors consider it necessary to provide a brief description of the new approach to operating stage-by-stage military confrontation as a tool for uncertainty management through the IMEC (India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor) project. The article substantiates the methodology of shock power configuration of important segments of the world economic space in the interests of a group of leading actors in the world economics and politics. The geostrategic paradigm of the beneficiary, which needs a controlled conflict in the common interests of the future of the fractal sets of explicit and latent participants in such geostrategic operations, has been established.

In the first and second parts of the article, the authors analyze the transformation of the world economics under the influence of economic globalization and on this basis the justification of the development of networking of international relations as a comprehensive process by Western ideologists. In the third part, the study is aimed at the process of digitalization of the management of the global community as a whole, the creation of gross domestic product (GDP) based on the development of AI and the justification of complete transition of the management of international relations, including the economics, to the AI level by supporters of the networking. According to the authors of the article, AI is an auxiliary tool that contributes to the increase in the efficiency of the reproduction process. The absolutization of the role of AI in the creation of the world GDP serves as an opportunistic factor, the importance of which is exaggerated, since it is a software product, and its potential is determined by human goals and objectives. At the same time, the desire to reach agreements on the state-by-state basis on restrictive parameters for the development and functioning of AI, on preventing cyber-attacks and hacking of national networks becomes an undoubtedly positive aspect. The authors consider the positions of a number of countries that do not perceive the formalization of international relations and their networking, emphasizing that it is the United States that leads this approach, believing that it will manage the network structure of international relations. The relevant conclusions were drawn.

This article has three parts. In the first part government debt is analyzed as the stock of government financial obligations in Russia and the USA. Obligations denominated in foreign currencies and direct credits are left behind because they are practically non-existent in US government financial transactions. Also excluded from the analysis are debts incurred by state-owned corporations, which are part of the corporate sector of the System of National Accounts. In the second part government debt is analyzed as a result of financial flows (borrowings) which show how debt changes over time. In both parts Russia is compared with the USA in terms of proportions between federal and sub-federal debts, domestic and foreign debts (Russia only), marketable and non-marketable debts as well as domestic and foreign participants of government securities markets. The third part of the article presents standard methodology of debt sustainability analysis and some results of Bohn test of debt sustainability for both countries.

The article discusses the essence of the economy of the Russian coal sector and a comprehensive economic assessment of the financial results of coal mining companies. In a theoretical aspect, the issues of using the resource potential of mining production zones, volume and price parameters that determine the scale of operation of companies in the coal sector of the country are disclosed. The structure of the natural resource potential has been studied in the context of the need to ensure the level of competitive advantages of the mining areas of the Russian Federation. An assessment of coal sales in the largest macro-regions of the world is given, highlighting the leaders and defining the features of their industrial policy in organizing the production and processing of thermal coal. In the course of the study, a diagnosis of cause-and-effect relationships in the system for assessing assets, capital and profits of coal sector companies was carried out. The diagnostic assessment made it possible to identify bottlenecks in the system of sustainable development of coal mining territories, to determine the conditions and analyze the key parameters of the economic efficiency of the functioning of companies in the coal sector of the Russian Federation. As a scientific contribution to the development of the coal industry, a system of author’s recommendations and proposals for the largest companies in the mining and industrial complex of Russia is proposed. Proposals for innovations in the management system of coal mining and processing in organizations of the Russian coal sector have been developed.

This article examines the role of foreign economic relations in the economies of developing countries using the example of Afghanistan. The author presents a detailed analysis of Afghanistan’s foreign trade statistics from 2010 to 2022, highlighting trends and significant changes in the country’s exports and imports. The article pays attention to the main positions of Afghanistan’s exports and imports, indicating their importance and contribution to the economic development of the country. In particular, areas such as petroleum products, services, cereals and products of the fl our and cereal industry, as well as food products and ferrous metals and products made from them are considered. Particular attention is paid to Afghanistan’s main trading partners, establishing their role and contribution to the country’s foreign economic activity. The article highlights that India, Pakistan and China are key export destinations where India holds a leading position. These data indicate the diversity of markets for Afghan products and create opportunities for developing trade relations with various regions. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of foreign economic relations for the economic development of Afghanistan and its potential in international markets. Foreign trade is a significant factor in attracting investment, developing economic sectors and improving the standard of living of the population of Afghanistan. The presented analysis of statistical data allows us to draw a conclusion about the need to strengthen and expand foreign economic relations for the further development of the country.

The article discusses theoretical approaches to modeling stock trading robots — cyber-physical systems in the conditions of innovative transformations and large-scale digitalization of the economy and financial sector. The relevance of the study is that currently there is a tendency to increase the share of algorithmic trading on the stock exchange, and the share of trading robots based on artificial intelligence is increasing. A fresh technological trend is the use of stock trading robots — cyber-physical systems based on cognitive modeling, artificial intelligence algorithms operating in digital ecosystems. Robotic algorithms compete with each other, tracking the dynamics of submitted orders, looking for "densities" in the order book, changing the frequency of purchase/sale transactions, monitoring the entire market of financial instruments, tracking spikes in volatility, catching transactions of large players in the table of impersonal transactions, adjusting the parameters in your scripts online. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that in the presented study a deep learning model DL model "Random Forest" was formed, which calculates the forecast of the closing price of the SiZ3 futures contract on the required time frame. The practical significance of the study is that the results obtained have been implemented and are actively used in stock trading. The criterion for the success of the predictive properties of the DL model was the value of the average forecast error (MAE). The proposed DL model uses the best decision tree, which has optimal hyperparameter settings, for example, the depth of the tree is six layers, the number of estimators (trees) in the ensemble is ten. In the experiment, the hyperparameters of the neural network did not change; the input parameters to various trees were selected randomly by the algorithm. The DL model showed high forecast accuracy