The article presents the results of studies of osmolality and pH of 0,9 % sodium chloride of various manufacturers. To obtain data on the pH value, the data used in the passports are used, and the indicators of its osmolality are de- termined using laboratory tests. 0,9 % sodium chloride from different manufacturers has different pH and osmolality. Knowing the actual values of physico-chemical parameters can increase the accuracy of the results of future clinical studies, which compare the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of modern plasma-substituting solutions and a solution of 0,9 % sodium chloride.

The use of herbal preparations in the clinical practice of dermatologists, including for the treatment of fungal diseases, is currently increasing. The work considers an allopathic ointment on the basis of petroleum (kerosene) extract from dried sage leaves, which has an antifungal effect on genus Paecilomyces. The toxic effect and effectiveness of the proposed dosage form were evaluated on the materials of in vivo studies.

In the development of the infectious process caused by coronaviruses, two stages can be distinguished: early (ethiotropic) and late (pathogenetic). Therapeutic principles depend on these stages. At the first stage, when the virus accumulates, ethiotropic chemotherapeutic drugs suppressing virus reproduction are predominantly used. The article considers 7 major chemotherapeutic approaches aimed at specific targets in the replication of coronaviruses: viral RNA polymerase inhibitors, inhibitors of viral protease Mpro, inhibitors of proteolytic activation of viral protein S, which carries out the virus entry into the target cell, inhibitors of virus uncoating in the intracellular endosomes, exogenous interferon compounds, preparations of natural and recombinant virus neutralizing antibodies, as well as combinations of the above drugs. At the second stage, when the virus multiplication drops down and threatening pathological processes of excessive inflammation, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary edema, hypoxia and threatening sepsis develop, it is reasonable to realize antipathogenetic approaches, such as extracorporeal blood oxygenation, detoxication, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapeutic drugs and measures.

Representatives of different groups of lipid-lowering drugs may have some differences in the nature and severity of the effect on the blood lipid spectrum. A new class of drugs, PCSK9 inhibitors, whose activity is associated with a protein involved in the control of low density lipoprotein receptors, has recently appeared. In clinical practice, this group is represented by monoclonal antibody preparations evolocumab and alirocumab. PCSK9 inhibitors are promising drugs for use in combination lipid-lowering therapy, which so far, given the results of clinical studies, can be recommended in the third place after statins and ezetimibe. In clinical studies, it was shown that alirocoumab and evolocumab alone or in combination with statins and/or other lipid-lowering drugs significantly reduce cholesterol levels in low density lipoproteins – by an average of 60%, depending on the dose.

Beta-lactam antibiotics are the most widely used class of antibacterial drugs, both for outpatient and hospital infections. Their further improvement in relation to overcoming the resistance of microorganisms to this group of antibiotics has given new opportunities in the treatment of severe infectious diseases. Due to the obtained high efficiency of β-lactam antibiotics and their low toxicity, they form the basis of antimicrobial chemotherapy at present. Antibiotic resistance is the phenomenon of resistance of a stain of infectious agents to the action of one or more antibacterial drugs. It is a reduced sensitivity (resistance, immunity) of a culture of microorganisms to the action of an antibacterial substance. One of the main mechanisms for the formation of bacterial resistance to them is the production of beta-lactams. To overcome the acquired resistance widespread among microorganisms, compounds have been developed that can irreversibly suppress the activity of these enzymes, the so-called beta-lactam inhibitors - clavulanic acid (clavulanate), sulbactam and tazobactam. They are used to create combined (inhibitor-protected) beta-lactams. Currently, there are several fixed combinations of beta-lactams and beta-lactam inhibitors on the pharmaceutical market. The review article presents the key issues of pharmacology of inhibitor-protected beta-lactam antibacterial drugs.