The article is devoted to the practical aspects of the procurement activities in health care organizations, taking into account the requirements of the legislation on procurement for state and municipal needs. The article discusses the features and risks associated with the implementation of the procurement procedures for medicines, medical instruments and equipment by budgetary health care institutions.

Obstructive jaundice is the yellow colouring of skin, sclera and mucous membranes due to hyperbilirubinemia caused by obstruction of the bile ducts. The increase in the incidence of cholelithiasis (gallstones) is accompanied by an increase in the frequency of its complicated forms. A common and unfavourable complication of gallstones and its consequences — choledocholithiasis — is obstructive jaundice. The relevance of this pathology is shown, epidemiological data, etiology and clinical manifestations of the disease are given. A classification of obstructive jaundice is given. Much attention is paid to the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease. The laboratory and instrumental methods of diagnosis are described. Methods of surgical treatment of obstructive jaundice are presented.

The professional standard «Radiologist» was approved by order of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation of March 19, 2019 No. 160n. The professional standard defines the generalized job functions, education and training requirements, the basic conditions for admission to work for professionals involved in specialized medical practice in the field of radiology.

A standard operating procedure is a document containing step-by-step instructions that personnel must follow when performing any medical activity (treating, diagnostic, sanitary and epidemic, preventive, etc.). Standard operating procedures allow to unify the process, regardless of who it will perform, standardize the methodology and ensure high accuracy, reproducibility and consistency in the work of medical personnel. The quality of the work done will ultimately depend on how well this document will be compiled, how fully all the nuances of a medical activity will be taken into account. At the same time, it does not matter what field of activity this technique covers — standardization is necessary for any process, starting from cleaning the premises and ending with complexes of the most complicated diagnostic measures using high-tech equipment.

In accordance with the international practice and developments of WHO, clinical guidelines are documents that set the algorithm for patient management, diagnosis and treatment. They do not set uniform «template» requirements for the treatment of all patients, but contain the logistic structure of the doctor’s actions using proven methods of diagnosis and treatment, the choice of which is determined by the individual characteristics of the disease, concomitant diseases, sex-age characteristics of the patient and other factors. The treatment of any patient is always individual, and the determination of the tactics of treatment in each case falls within the competence of the attending physician. Clinical guidelines are developed for individual diseases/conditions and contain information based on proven clinical experience on the issues of diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, prevention of these diseases/conditions, and other factors affecting the results of their treatment. Clinical guidelines is the bridge between academic and practical medicine, the phrase «with proven clinical experience» means that information comes to clinical guidelines after analyzing the publication of research results (both Russian and foreign) conducted on this topic at the moment.

In our previous articles, we have briefly discussed the history of the evolution of blood types, studied the observed pattern when belonging to a particular blood group affects the character of an individual and his or her personal qualities. But it turns out that there is also a connection with the blood type in a person's predisposition to certain diseases and pathological processes. Forewarned is forearmed! Let us dwell on what diseases threaten us — carriers of different erythrocyte antigens — in more detail, and what kind of lifestyle we need to lead in order to minimize this risk.

Did you know that Sweden is recognized as the best country in the world in terms of living conditions for the elderly? The average life span here is one of the highest and is 84 years for women and 78.8 for men, and the death rate from malignant tumors, on the contrary, is very low. 95 % of health care here is funded by the state, a guarantee of timely delivery of health care is accepted at the state level, which means that any surgery, whether replacing the lens or hip joint, should be carried out no later than three months after the decision on the necessity of intervention. If the patient during this period has not received due care, the state covers the expenses for treatment in another health care institution, and pays for transport costs.

You must admit that during the life you have repeatedly heard that drinking one glass of wine per day reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and prevents the occurrence of myocardial infarction, helps normalize the neuropsychological health and improves appetite, lowers cholesterol and even improves short term memory. Scientists working on this issue argue that all these phenomena are associated with a chemical substance in the skin of red grapes — resveratrol. This component is a polyphenol, which is a very strong natural antioxidant and is produced by plants as a defensive reaction against the effects of adverse factors, both thermal and biological, for example, when damaged by mold or parasites. Contrary to popular belief, resveratrol is found not only in grapes, but also in blueberries, lingonberries, plums, tomatoes, as well as peanuts and cocoa beans. However, our conversation today will focus specifically on red wine, since it contains the highest concentration of this natural component.