Zhukova Elvira Vasilyevna MD, Senior Researcher at the Epidemiology Department of the Federal State Budgetary Institution «N.F. Gamalei NITSEM» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098, Moscow, Gamalei str., 18, e-mail: zhukova.elv@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-8767
Mirskaya Mariya Aleksandrovna Highest Qualification Category Clinical Microbiologist, I.V. Davydovsky City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, Yauzskaya str., d. 11, Moscow, Russia, 109240, e-mail: mmirscaya@mail.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3158-6548
Gotvyanskaya Tat’yana Pavlovna PhD Candidate in Biology, Senior Researcher, the Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamalei, d. 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098, e-mail: gotvin@gamaleya.org, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-2666
Nozdrachevа Аnna Valer’evna researcher, the Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamalei, d. 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098, e-mail: nozdracheva0506@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-8521-1741
Semenenko Anatoly Victorovich PhD Candidate in Technology, Senior Researcher, the Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamalei, d. 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098, centronix@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7027-3547
Afonin Sergej Aleksandrovich PhD Candidate in Medicine, researcher, the Department of Epidemiology, The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, ul. Gamalei, d. 18, Moscow, Russia, 123098, e-mail: ugorskii@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4794-3351
Nikitina Galina Yurievna Cand.Med. Sci., Highest Qualification Category Epidemiologist, Deputy Chief Physician for Sanitary Epidemiological Issues and Infectious Morbidity, S.P. Botkin City Clinical Hospital, Moscow Healthcare Department, 2nd Botkin passage, 5, Moscow, Russia, 125284, e-mail: gnikitina@me.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0804-8896
The most important aspect of the problem of the quality of medical care is the epidemiological safety of the therapeutic and diagnostic process. The intensive development of high-tech, invasive methods of diagnosis and treatment, combined with the widespread spread of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, determine the need for continuous improvement of the system of supervision and control of infections associated with medical care (ISMP). The aim of the study was to identify cases of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections in intensive care units (ICU) when infected with ESСAPE group bacteria; to study their prevalence, etiological structure and epidemiological significance in intensive care patients with COVID-19 undergoing invasive artificial ventilation (ventilator). The results of the study showed that in COVID-19 patients who received respiratory support in the ventilator mode, representatives of the ESСAPE group of bacteria (with genetic determinants of multiantibiotic resistance) were found more than 2 times more often than in surgical patients, which indicates the important epidemiological significance of aerobic gram-negative bacteria and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria of the ESСAPE spectrum in patients COVID-19 in the formation of colonization and ventilator-associated infection of the respiratory tract. At the same time, both in COVID-19 patients and in patients with a surgical ICU, gram-negative bacteria of the genus Klebsiella spp., producing beta-lactamase, as well as non-fermenting gram-negative microorganisms Acinetobacter spp, were prioritized in the etiological structure and P. aegidiposa, characterized by pronounced acquired resistance to antibiotics of the carbapenem group and are the prerogative of intensive care units. To ensure the epidemiological safety of medical care during ventilation, it is necessary to implement a strategy of empirical and targeted antibiotic therapy; monitoring of antibiotic resistance; conduct continuous epidemiological surveillance in the ICU with full collection of information on etiological agents, cases of respiratory tract infection and tighten epidemiological control over the preparation and conduct of ventilation.