In 2020, markets are showing both unpredictable and anticipated development trends. The pharmaceutical market was no exception. Turnover of the commercial drug market in 2020 amounted to 1,128 billion rubles, which is 10.6% more than in the previous year. Parapharmaceutical sales amounted to RUB 279 billion in 2020. In the analyzed period, state purchases of pharmaceuticals reached 634 billion rubles. It was expected an increase in Pharma-2020’s turnover in value terms; the basis for the increase was over-the-counter drugs and domestically produced drugs. At the same time, in the statistics of packaging, a decrease in sales was observed in the commercial sector of medicines — by 2.3%, and in parapharmaceuticals — by 15.4%, and in hospital purchases — by 15.0%. According to the results of the analysis, there is an increase in the consumption of expensive drugs, as well as a redistribution of demand to the segment of large packages. The share of online sales in the pharmaceutical market for the monitored 2020 increased from 5.5% in January to 8.2% in December. The share of expensive drugs in the online segment is higher than in the offline segment.
Today, the process of communication with potential consumers is largely determined by the preferences of the target audience. The article discusses such an approach as the theory of generations, designed to systematize consumer preferences by identifying generations of consumers. Consumer habits of representatives of different generations are considered. A number of recommendations for attracting consumers, based on the identified preferences, are given.
The article presents an analysis of the impact of urban transport on the environmental situation in the metropolis. A variant of the database modification based on the results of monitoring of the level of pollution of the atmosphere, soil mantle and water surface is proposed. Data integration will allow assessing the effectiveness of the measures applied in the city to reduce the negative impact of urban transport and make operational management decisions.
The mobility of qualified specialists is a trend in the modern economy. In addition to the brain drain, the concept of brain circulation has emerged, the source and constituent of which is the export of education and the international student mobility programs. Based on the systematization and analysis of scientific publications in international scientometric systems, the article highlights the factors influencing the decision of students participating in study programs abroad to stay in the host country or return home after the studies.
The article is devoted to the study of the features of the development of platforms as business models of the sharing economy. Based on the empirical data of the two platforms Amazon and Airnbnb, a comparative analysis was carried out and recommendations were developed for improving these business models and for their further development. The author identified the features and highlighted the importance of the development of marketplaces in the development of the sharing economy.
The car continues to play an important role in urban mobility, providing comfort, speed and flexibility. The concept of «mobility as a service», which is increasingly developing in modern megacities, changes the consumer value of the car and offers new models of automobility based on the distributed economy. The article systematizes the basic concepts of automobility and describes modern models of "automobility as a service".
Currently, it is not individual enterprises that compete in the global market of industrial goods, but value chains. Within their framework, technological and production interfaces, diversification of demand markets, and optimization of business processes contribute to a sharp increase in the competitiveness of enterprises. The existing measures to support the development of industry do not confirm their effectiveness based on the results of work. To improve the system of support measures, the following steps are proposed: value chains should become the main tool for implementing the state’s industrial policy, measures for technological re-equipment based on intersectoral interaction of enterprises of high-tech and medium-tech industries should be implemented, as well as development institutions alternative to the banking sector should be formed. When implementing the proposed state support measures, the conditions for the sustainable development of the manufacturing industry in Russia are formed.
The dynamics of the passenger car market in the Russian Federation is expected to be sinusoidal in 2020, taking into account the fall in sales in the spring and the manifestation of deferred demand in the summer and autumn. After a period of global self-isolation and the abolition of quarantine measures, sales began to level out gradually based on the satisfaction of deferred demand, including due to government support measures. But the recovery process is very unstable. The driver of growth in post-pandemic sales indicators, as well as indicators of the effectiveness of commercial activities, is the management of intangible resources, taking into account their availability, possibility of use, legal and technical protection. Automotive companies are working out new development strategies based on the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence, which form a special layer of intangible resources. Transformation of the structure of intangible resources becomes obvious and deserves deep research.
The article is devoted to the study of the parameters of collection points for electronic household waste. These points serve for the reception and storage of e-waste, the source of which is the public and which are an integral part of the logistic support scheme for the e-waste disposal process. The study is based on a survey of residents of the city of Hanoi in Vietnam and additional documents from the official websites of organizations on the current situation with the generated e-waste. The article identified such parameters as the potential average daily volume of e-waste generation, as well as the required number and volume of points for receiving and collecting waste, as well as the storage time of waste to achieve the lowest associated logistics costs.