Currently, in the context of a decrease in the working-age population in the Russian Federation associated with a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, protecting the reproductive health of the population is the crucial area of state policy that determines the national security of Russia. An important place in preserving reproductive potential and increasing the birth rate is the prevention and treatment of occupational damage to the reproductive health in women working under conditions of exposure to leading reprotoxicants. The article is devoted to assessing the role of occupational risk factors in the formation of the reproductive health of female workers.

Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of health-saving technologies for maintaining the mental health of student youth. Particular attention is paid to the fact that in the era of digitalization, there appear new factors that affect the mental health of the student, leading to the development of mental disorders and the emergence of various types of addictions. The purpose of the article is to provide a scientific substantiation of the system of health-saving measures in the educational process of higher educational institutions as a way to maintain students’ mental health. Method and methodology. The basis of the research is formed by theoretical methods of analysis, generalization, and the comparative method. Results. The novelty of the study lies in the identification of a number of unfavorable factors affecting the mental health of student youth (spending excessive time in social networks, disorders in sleep, work, and rest regimens, the formation of various addictions and phobias). Health-saving technologies that can be applied in the educational process in order to maintain mental health of students are presented. The scope of the results. The results of the study can be applied in the process of educational and awareness-raising work with students of higher educational institutions in order to promote the maintenance of students’ mental health in a digital society.

Urolithiasis and crystalluria rank first in the structure of pathology of the urinary system in children and adults. Despite a significant number of publications on urolithiasis, many issues of pathogenesis, the peculiarities of the course of its various types, and, especially, the prevention of the occurrence and metaphylaxis of its relapses require further study. The analysis of modern literary sources presented in leading search engines, Russian and European clinical recommendations on this problem, as well as the results of our own research allowed us to identify the main pathogenetic links of the most common types of crystalluria and urolithiasis. Dietary and metabolic approaches and herbal therapy are proposed for the prevention and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis in children and adults.

An aberrant pancreas is a fairly rare developmental anomaly, which, despite its congenital genesis, is most often found in people of the middle age group. The article presents a clinical case of an aberrant pancreas with localization in the antrum of the stomach in a 52-year-old patient. Congenital pathology has an asymptomatic course for a long time, which is subsequently associated with late diagnosis and the need for a comprehensive examination of the patient. Despite the long-term symptomless course of the pathology, the secretory activity of the aberrant pancreas contributes to persistent inflammation of the gastric and duodenal mucosa, potentiates irreversible pathological changes, and increases the risk of complications, including gastric intestinal metaplasia. The patient under consideration was diagnosed with a multimorbid chronic pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, which, despite ongoing therapy, was characterized by frequent exacerbations. Due to the established diagnosis, it was possible to prescribe successful conservative treatment and avoid surgical intervention in this patient. According to the literature, differential diagnosis with malignant neoplasms is necessary. The choice of surgical treatment tactics is determined by the development of complications, among which both obstructive complications (dysphagia, pyloric stenosis, intussusception, intestinal obstruction, obstructive jaundice) and complications specific only to pancreatic tissue, such as pancreatitis, cysts and pseudocysts, ulcerative defects with perforation of the hollow organ, benign and malignant neoplasms, are described. The question of the expediency of surgical treatment of patients in the absence of complications remains debatable to the present day, which causes difficulties in the management of these patients.

Recent years have been marked by a wide spread of respiratory viral infections, which are often accompanied by the development of bacterial complications. The greatest danger is posed by nosocomial strains with multidrug resistance. One of the ways to combat antibiotic-resistant strains is the possibility of using bacteriocins produced by certain bacteria that are present in the human body, food, and the environment. The most interesting are the strains of autobacteriocins isolated from the human's own normal microbiota, which does not have immune rejection. The purpose of the study: to investigate the antibacterial effect of autobacteriocins of the oral microbiota against the main pathogens of bacterial complications in respiratory infections. Six reference strains from the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.) and 18 multi-resistant strains of the same group isolated from the respiratory tract of individuals with bacterial complications of viral infections were examined. The study used bacteriological, molecular biological, and statistical methods, as well as mass spectrometric research method. The autobacteriocins isolated from Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus paracasei bacteria were the most effective against multidrug-resistant strains from the ESKAPE group. Notably, the concentration of bacteriocin-producing bacteria in the medium of co-cultivation was 500 and 1,000 times less than the strains against which they were directed. Suppression of the growth of multidrug-resistant strains by 2-3 times compared with the initial one was observed after 2 hours. Thus, the antibacterial effectiveness of autobacteriocins against resistant strains of bacteria isolated from the same individual suggests the possibility of a personalized approach to obtaining and using autoprobiotic strains of bacteria to combat bacterial complications of the respiratory tract.

The review presents the data on cardiac damage in patients with thyroid dysfunction (hyper- and hypothyroidism). The features of cardiovascular pathology in patients with hyperthyroidism and the possibility of using certain groups of drugs (beta blockers, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants) are described. The association of hypothyroidism (including subclinical) with atherosclerosis and diastolic arterial hypertension, an increased risk of developing ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction, heart failure and cardiovascular mortality, regardless of gender, age and previous cardiovascular diseases, has been shown. Available facts indicate the need to determine thyroid hormones in patients with cardiovascular pathology and mandatory assessment of the state of the cardiovascular system in patients with thyroid pathology.

The article presents the autobiography data and the main stages of the scientific activity of Volya Georgievna Artamonova, the Soviet and Russian occupational pathologist and general practitioner, member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2013, member of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences since 1999), honored scientist of the RSFSR (1991).