Концепция Четвертой промышленной революции К. Шваба и процесс цифровизации в ОАЭ

The word revolution is used at moments in history when there are drastic changes in social structures, political organization, and economic systems. Humanity has already experienced some of these revolutions, such as the transition from hunting for food to agriculture about 10,000 years ago. Among these revolutions, the so-called industrial ones are those that have occurred since the second half of the XVIII century.

The first industrial revolution was triggered by the invention of the steam engine, which marked the beginning of the mechanization of production and the construction of railways, which led to the mobility of people and freight transportation at the end of the XVIII century. About a hundred years later, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the second industrial revolution began with the advent of electricity and the assembly line, which led to mass production. The third industrial revolution, called the Digital Revolution, began in the 1960s and was triggered by the development of semiconductors, mainframes, personal computers (1970), and the Internet (1990). Currently, according to Professor Klaus Schwab, we are at the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution [1].

The reasons why Schwab comes to this conclusion are explained in detail in his work The Fourth Industrial Revolution, presented at the World Economic Forum in Davos (Switzerland), held in January 2016. Klaus Schwab was the founder and Executive Chairman of the Forum. Of German descent, he holds a doctorate in engineering from the Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich) and a doctorate in economics from the University of Fribourg. For his research, publications, and recognized scientific achievements in a wide variety of fields, he has received numerous international awards, honorary distinctions, and honorary doctorates. In his book, Schwab argues that technological change is so broad that it means a new revolution.