Several countries that used a variety of national pension models began to worry about the future demographic situation in their countries at the turn of the 1980s. Due to various objective and subjective reasons (significant progress in developing geriatric medicine, improving the social standard of living of people of pre-retirement and retirement age), the number of older age groups began to increase. Two main options with combined approaches are already available to correct this situation, they are: increasing the load on policyholders (employers) and (or) insured persons, or increasing age for later retirement. Of course, the second option was more preferable, and many countries went this way. However, since they had time lags, they spread these step-by-step operations over 20 and even 25 years for 2-3 months a year. The population was dissatisfied, some groups opposed, but the movement scale was not massive.
What about us? We also began to worry about this problem very much because as a result of the Great Patriotic War, Russia found itself in the most difficult demographic situation, which was aggravated by a sharp decline in the birth rate during the 1990s and 2000s. This issue was seriously discussed, and further steps were suggested to correct the critical situation at a meeting of the Russian Government in 1995. In particular, it was noted that no later than 2008, it was necessary to consider raising the retirement age at the turn of the middle or second half of the 2010s. The forthcoming global demographic failure will not allow us to ensure the basic principle of the current retirement model in the Russian Federation, that is generational solidarity. It means when the policyholder in the system of mandatory pension insurance makes contributions in favour of the insured person for future insurance pension in the event of old age, disability, or event insured against the loss of the breadwinner. Naturally, when the number of employees decreases, financial base for payment of pensions and their indexation decreases.