The deterioration of the health of adolescents in our country contributes to the formation of negative trends in the intellectual and physical potential of future personnel [1-3]. This issue is especially acute against the background of increasing attention to professions requiring secondary vocational education [4]. The most common way to assess the condition of children and adolescents is to assess their level of physical development [5], which primarily assesses the level of obesity [6]. As the peculiarities of the somatic constitution of children and adolescents can't only have a significant impact on their health but also subsequently influence the formation of risks for the progression of diseases in the future, taking into account the professional characteristics of work, the study of their body mass structure is an urgent issue [7]. There is a steady increase in the number of adolescents with an increased level of adipose tissue in the body. The increase in the level of adipose tissue in adolescents is often due to a decrease in physical activity, which can be not only the cause of obesity but also the cause of the formation of active cell mass deficiency (ACM) [8, 9]. Some scientists believe that with a reduced level of physical activity, the level of body fat can increase and lead to metabolic disorders, regardless of the phenotype and eating behaviour [10]. At the same time, not only developed countries face an increase in the level of obesity but also states in which there is a low level of income and living standards of the population [11]. According to WHO forecasts, the number of overweight children and adolescents will only increase [12]. Subsequently, an increased level of body fat in children and adolescents can lead to the formation of several different diseases [13, 14]. 18% of obese Russian children have 3-4 symptoms of metabolic syndrome [15].
The state of the cardiovascular system is one of the most important indicators of a healthy body, as it is an indicator of the adaptive abilities of the body and its being in balance with the environment [16]. The timely diagnosis of diseases such as arterial hypertension in children and adolescents is of great importance since the lack of timely prevention can significantly affect the incidence of cardiovascular diseases in the future [17]. The priority in the study of the state of the cardiovascular system in children and adolescents is a comprehensive assessment of functional reserves of the body [18, 19].