State policy of resource conservation in the Russian Federation

The issues and problems of the development of economic instruments for managing resource-saving processes are becoming increasingly relevant due to the annual reduction of global reserves of natural resources, the excessive withdrawal of natural resources in the so-called «raw» economies of the world, while increasing global demand for resources (energy, drinking water, timber, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the «producing» world economies [12–177; 15; 17].

With a projected population growth of 9.7 billion people by 2030, the ecological sphere, while maintaining modern production and consumption models of industrialized countries, will be overloaded far beyond its capabilities.

Under these conditions, resource conservation, in general, as well as the development of tools for economic management of resource conservation processes, in particular, become an integral part of the economic mechanism — both at the sectoral level and for each economic entity separately [13; 20]. This was the purpose of this study. To achieve it, we have set a number of interrelated tasks, which consist in the study of the theoretical foundations of the development of the main economic instruments for managing resourcesaving processes, including the conceptual and categorical apparatus, the directions of modern macroeconomic policy, the implemented state programs of the Russian Federation of environmental orientation, the state of the regulatory legal framework for regulating relations in the field of sustainable development, statistical data.

The research methodology includes general scientific research methods, among which, first of all, it should be noted the analysis of primary information obtained from open scientific sources. In the article, it was also impossible to do without analyzing the statistical information presented on the studied problem on the official website of Rosstat, as well as individual foreign statistical sources. The analysis of strategic documents in the field of environmental protection and nature management, legislative regulation necessitated the use of methods of legal analysis, which made this study interdisciplinary in a certain part.