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УДК: 621.7 DOI:10.33920/pro-2-2102-01

Modeling the influence of the fastening forces on the accuracy of the workpiece shape using the finite element method

A.V. Zaitsev PhD Candidate in Engineering, Associate Professor, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow 5, Vtoraya Baumanskaya st., Moscow, 105005, e-mail: zaitsevaleksandr@mail.ru
A.N. Izosimov Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow 5, Vtoraya Baumanskaya st., Moscow, 105005, e-mail: fcsm1231@mail.ru

The article simulates the effect of fastening forces on the accuracy of the workpiece shape using the finite element method. The article considers machining process (grinding) of a workpiece of the solid revolution type on a milling machine with basing and fastening along the inner cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The study was conducted for four different types of machine devices used on machines of this group. A sequential description and illustration of the methodology for modeling the process of the effect of fastening forces on the workpiece in process for each type of the considered devices has been made. The study describes and illustrates force constraints and effects imposed on the model, presents the parameters of the finite element grid used in modeling, defines the displacement curves obtained during modeling and the stages of modeling the machining process, as well as determines the values of the largest deviations from the shape of the workpiece. It presents the findings of modeling: a qualitative picture of the shape errors obtained as a result of machining - the values of the largest deviation from the roundness and the largest deviation from the cross-section profile of the workpiece, and the shape of the workpiece's facets of the cross-section for each type of devices under consideration. Estimates of the degree of shape accuracy and relative geometric accuracy provided by the considered devices were made based on the findings obtained and in accordance with GOST 24643-81. The conclusion is made about the suitability of the considered variants of machine devices for the proposed technologies according to the criterion of the provided accuracy of the shape of the machined surface.

Литература:

1. Edinaya sistema tekhnologicheskoj dokumentacii (ESTD). Terminy i opredeleniya osnovnyh ponyatij [Unified System of Technological Documentation (ESTD). Terms and definitions of basic concepts]. (2004). HOST 3.1109-82 from 01 January 1983. - Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov [in Russian].

2. Prisposobleniya stanochnye. Terminy i opredeleniya [Machine tools. Terms and definitions]. (2005). HOST 31.010.01-84 from 01 July 1985. - Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov [in Russian].

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6. Oficialnii sait proizvoditelya stanochnoi osnastki Bison-Bail [Official website of the manufacturer of machine tools Bison-Bail] www.bison-bial.ru Retrieved from http://www.bisonbial.ru/ [in Russian].

7. Oficialnii sait proizvoditelya stanochnoi osnastki Osnastik [Official website of the manufacturer of machine tools Osnastik] osnastik.ru/produktsiya-1 Retrieved from https://osnastik.ru/produktsiya-1/ [in Russian].

8. Dudareva, N.Yu., Zagaiko, S.A. (2011). SolidWorks 2011 na primerah [SolidWorks 2011 with examples]. - SPb.: BHV-Peterburg [in Russian], 2011. — 496 p. ISBN 978-5-9775-0690-8

9. Osnovnie normi vzaimozamenyaemosti. Dopuski formi i raspolojeniya poverhnostei. Chislovie znacheniya [Basic standards of interchangeability. Tolerances for the shape and location of surfaces. Numeric values]. (2002). HOST 24643-81 from 01 July 1981. - Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov [in Russian].

10. Osnovnie normi vzaimozamenyaemosti. Dopuski formi i raspolojeniya poverhnostei. Osnovnie termini i opredeleniya [Basic standards of interchangeability. Tolerances for the shape and location of surfaces. Basic terms and definitions]. (2002). HOST 24642-81 from 01 July 1981. Moscow: IPK Izdatelstvo standartov [in Russian].

The complexity of the construction of technological processes in mechanical engineering causes various device designs and a high level of requirements for them [1, 2]. Insufficiently designed technological and structural solutions in the selection and use of machine devices lead to a significant decrease in production efficiency due to decreased productivity and machining accuracy and increased cost of implementing the technological process. Therefore, a competent choice of machine devices in the development of technological processes increases the efficiency and the technological culture of production [1-5]. When choosing machine devices, it is necessary to take into account many factors: one of the important is the machining accuracy provided by the device.

This paper considers the technological operation of grinding a sleeve made of steel 45, performed on a CNC milling machine (Pic. 1). The workpiece in process has the following dimensions: length 50 mm, outer diameter Ø50 mm, inner cylindrical hole Ø40 mm. It is required to base and fasten it on the inner cylindrical surface with an emphasis on the end and then sharpen the outer cylindrical surface into the size of Ø46h9.

The considered installation scheme can be implemented using universal devices serially manufactured by specialized enterprises. Such devices can be a three-jaw chuck, a collet chuck, and various expanding mandrels with a non-standard design. These devices have a design that causes different centering accuracy, fastening ranges, maximum fastening forces, the error caused by the fastening forces, and the cost of these devices.

The manufacturers' catalogs of machine equipment contain such technical characteristics of devices as centering accuracy, maximum and minimum fastening diameters, and the possibility of use in roughing operations with high cutting forces. However, these catalogs do not contain data on the shape accuracy provided by this equipment and, in particular, the error caused by the fastening forces. At the same time, precisely the provision of the shape error is usually the main technological problem solved in the development of technological processes. Therefore, this paper simulates the influence of the fastening forces of various types of machine devices on machining accuracy.

Для Цитирования:
A.V. Zaitsev, A.N. Izosimov, Modeling the influence of the fastening forces on the accuracy of the workpiece shape using the finite element method. Главный механик. 2021;2.
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