An acute symptomatic epileptic seizure is considered to be a convulsive or non-convulsive seizure that occurs within the first 7 days of exposure to a triggering factor (for example, after surgical intervention on the brain). In the situation when there were several damaging factors and they were separated in time, the attacks occurring within 7 days after the last damage can be called acute symptomatic epileptic seizures [1].

According to different authors, the frequency of epileptic seizures after operations on the brain varies from 4 to 25 % and depends largely on the nature of the pathology for which surgical treatment was performed. Up to 2/3 of all epileptic seizures occur in the first month after surgical treatment, and the risk persists 5 years after surgery [2].

According to some researchers, the development of acute symptomatic epileptic seizures is associated with an increase in the number of adverse treatment outcomes. Other authors believe that the development of epileptic seizures in the early postoperative period does not cause deterioration in treatment prognosis (Al-Dorzi H.M., 2017) [3,4].

It should be noted that, unfortunately, many neurosurgical studies rather «loosely» interpret the concepts of «epilepsy», «epileptic syndrome», and «epileptic seizure» not always representing current knowledge of epileptology and making qualitative comparative analysis difficult.

From modern views, epileptic seizures that occur in the early postoperative period and are associated with the intervention itself (craniotomy, traction of brain structures, etc.) or regional complications — postoperative haemorrhage, oedema, ischemia, pneumocephalus, or systemic metabolic disorders (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, acute hyponatremia, hyperazotemia) should be treated as acute symptomatic epileptic seizures [1–4].