In article the problem of rational use of water resources of our country is covered, relevance and need of repeated and turnover water supply in connection with the increasing requirement of industrial enterprises for water for technical needs is given. For improvement of quality of purification of turnover water essentially new highly effective devices are brought and described: the machines with the filtering elements and the electrofloatation machine allowing to combine in themselves directly several functions of cleaning combined pneumatic floatation.
The characteristics and conditions for the creation of SHPPs at cleaned sewage discharges, at drinking and gravity-pressure pipelines, as well as at discharges of thermal electric power plants are given. For these purposes, native hydropower equipment is used, developed on the basis of innovative solutions.
The article provides review of modern researches on water purification from the pharma drugs by using phytotechnology methods. Reviewed are the mechanisms of water purification using bio-engineering facilities and their efficiency.
The analysis of long-term performance of reverse osmosis units of LLP «Desalination plant» Caspiy "(Aktau, Republic of Kazakhstan) with a capacity of 20 000 m³/day at temperatures from 0.2 to 10 °C was carried out. The change of the temperature dependence of the specific permeability of membranes in time is presented. The drop in unit productivity from the design value averaged 23.5 and 39 % for 3 and 5 years of operation, respectively. This value is in good agreement with the planned decrease in the permeability of reverse osmosis membranes at conventional pretreatment. The quality of the desalinated water meets the requirements. Despite the problems in the initial seawater pretreatment, the long-term degradation of membranes does not go beyond the permissible design errors. The reverse osmosis method can be successfully used for desalination of seawater at temperatures close to freezing. The obtained dependences make it possible to expand the temperature range of membrane elements exploitation, which is important for the design of desalination systems for operation in the Arctic region and on ships.
Developments of cooling towers and equipment of CEJ "Pulsar" are presented. These developments made it possible to build a highly efficient scheme of heat carriers movement, as well as to organize the process of heat and mass transfer in a new way. A comparative characteristic of the "EGRA" series cooling towers with other types of used units is given.
The issues of automating the management processes of boiler equipment in order to ensure industrial safety during its operation are considered. The proposed measures make it possible to reduce the possibility of accidents and incidents by minimizing the influence of human reliability on the boiler equipment control processes. The measures discussed in the article increase the energy efficiency of boiler equipment.
