The article deals with the problem of damage to the environment from industrial technologies of oil refineries, which can be characterized by the risk, the nature and extent of which depend on the type and volume of consumption of oil and fuel, how they are used, level of technology in security and efficiency. Covers the issue of water consumption by oil plants, their composition, methods of sanitation and purification systems at the plant. The paper proposed the construction of a fault tree and the analysis probability of the occurrence of an emergency at the refinery when filling the oil-contaminated wastewater

Protecting water resources from depletion and pollution, and their rational use for the needs of the national economy — one of the most important problems requiring urgent solutions. In Russia it is widely implemented measures to protect the environment, in particular for cleaning industrial wastewater to levels containing impurities, allowing discharge of effluent into water bodies. The importance of acquiring treatment of industrial waste water from oil, petroleum products and heavy metal ions, which are among the ten most dangerous environmental pollutants. One of the main directions of work for the protection of water resources is the implementation of new technological processes of production, moving to closed (stagnant) water cycle, where the effluent is not discharged and reused in industrial processes. Considered the most appropriate methods of wastewater from oil and heavy metal ions: mechanical, physical — chemical, sorption and biological purification. A flow diagram where industrial water treatment is carried out by passing through two filters loaded with different most effective and mobile sorbents of new generation. For the purification of waste water from oil, in the first filter unused sorbent „Rusosorb“, resulting in a residual concentration of oil and petroleum products was less than 0.02 mg/l. And to remove heavy metal ions from water, a second filter loaded sorbent KFMG-7, whereby the content of pollutants in the waste water after the cleaning was less than 0.005 mg/l.