The purpose of the research work was to develop an appropriate scheme, dosage and duration of use of the natural therapeutic and prophylactic phytobiotic “Farmatan P” for newborn babies. The work was carried out on a farm in the Gagarin district of the Smolensk region. Newborn calves were divided into 3 groups of 6 heads each. Calves of the 1st experimental group received a feed additive at a dose of 5 g/head per day, the 2nd – 10, and the 3rd – 15 g/head per day starting with the second colostrum daily, once, during the newborn period. When evaluating the effect of the supplement on the body of calves, we focused on its effect on clinical and physiological indicators, prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, growth-stimulating effect. According to the results of the work, the optimal dosage of the supplement is 10 g/head per day, a rational scheme can be considered giving it starting with the second drinking of colostrum daily, once, during the newborn period – 10 days.

Processing of raw materials of agriculture and fisheries rich in protein by their enzymatic, microbial or chemical hydrolysis allows us to obtain products with a high content of short peptides. Some of these short peptides have high biological activity. They have, for example, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive and immunomodulatory activity. The antistress effect of some short peptides obtained from hydrolysates of proteins of both animal and plant origin has also been described. However, this information is not enough to develop an algorithm for the antistress application of protein hydrolysates in animal husbandry. Although hydrolysates of proteins have an advantage over drugs, because they do not degrade the quality of products, because they are natural metabolites of the body. To address this shortcoming, we have been carried out two experiments on the use of the drug Abiopeptide, which consists of enzymatic hydrolysate of soybean protein. The first experiment has been carried out for two weeks on 100 quails during the start of oviposition. Protein hydrolysate has been given a dose of 0,5 g/kg of feed per day. The second experiment has been carried out on 100 newly calved cows of Holstein breed for a month. Protein hydrolysate has been given 25 g per head per day. In both experiments, there was an increase in animal productivity. It has been noted antistress effect of the drug, which was manifested with a time delay. In both cases, the action of protein hydrolysate was accompanied by a cumulative effect. Our research allows us to give the following recommendations to reduce the damage from the influence of stress factors on agricultural and sports animals. For example, when rearranging the herd, transporting animals or before sports competitions. Hydrolysates of proteins should be fed to animals daily no later than 3 days before the planned stress. In cases of prolonged action of stress factors hydrolysates of proteins, it is sufficient to apply it through the day. The antistress effect lasts for 3 days after their last application.

Different directions of microbiological synthesis are actively used in the industry of feed and feed additives for farm animals. More than 50 years of industrial production of amino acids is carried out with the help of biotechnology and the annual growth rate of production is 5–7 %. Amino acids are produced industrially during fermentation using highly effective strains of different types of bacteria. With the progressive development of microbiological technologies and the study of the composition of animal microflora the discovery of new species of microorganisms-producers of useful substances including species Bacillus megaterium, which belong to the bacteria-polyproducts, because their cells are able to develop many substances of different chemical nature: amino acids, proteases, antibiotics, peptides, vitamins, bacteriocins and a number of other compounds. They have a highly efficient system of synthesis and transport of proteins from the cell, grow on a variety of affordable and inexpensive carbon substrates and are non-pathogenic to plants, animals and humans and do not produce alkaline proteases in the environment. Bacillus megaterium is stable in a wide range of pH and at high temperatures, and thus stably retain their properties during production cycles as well as during storage and transportation of the resulting products. The costs of growing Bacillus megaterium are relatively low and with a good yield and relatively low resource intensity of production make it economically viable. Probiotics based on Bacillus megaterium as well as strains of bacteria with increased synthesis of limiting amino acids are promising for the animal feeding industry directions of applied microbiological synthesis.

Among the huge variety of meat products the most popular among the population are sausages, because compared to other meat products they have great advantages. The wide range of tastes convenience in packing, but the most important difference of sausages from meat that sausages are completely ready to the use products that not only considerably reduces time for cooking, but also practically allows to minimize it. Do not forget that, as a product of the meat industry, sausages are a very nutritious product. The main safety indicators (organoleptic, physical and chemical, microbiological and histological) and the high quality of cooked sausages from different manufacturers (doctor sausage, “Meat-processing plant Klinsky”; doctor sausage, “Velcom”; “Milk Starodvorskaya”, Vyazanka; “Doctor Halal”, “Ecol”) have been presented in the paper. It has been found in the process of organoleptic evaluation that the doctor sausage “Meat-processing plant Klinsky” had a characteristic smell and taste of the product. The presence of foreign tastes and odors has been not noted. Overall rating on organoleptic study made up 4,54±0,19 points. This type of sausage had no deviations in microbiological and physical and chemical parameters. The fact of falsification at microstructural research absence has not been noted and it has been recognized as the most valuable in the protein relation in comparison with other types of sausages. In doctoral sausage of trademark “Velcom” has not been marked off-flavors and odors. The consistency of the sample is elastic, but fat. Overall rating on organoleptic study made up 4,80±0,15 points. There were no deviations in bacteriological and physical and chemical characteristics. Histological examination has confirmed the good quality of the product. “Milk Starodvorskaya” sausage had a clean and dry surface of the loaf, a light pink color. On the section of the product you can see that the minced meat is evenly mixed. The taste of this product has been distinguished by some fatness. “Milk Starodvorskaya” sausage when carrying out physical and chemical studies found a discrepancy according to the manufacturer the amount of protein and fat that was also confirmed by histological evaluation. Unlike all samples of cooked sausages this product was not composed of components of muscle fibers, and was characterized by a high content of non-muscular elements of animal origin. “Doctor Halal” sausage had a wet surface; the color of the cut was pink. The stuffing was evenly mixed consistency. The presence of foreign flavors has not been established. Histological examination revealed the presence of components not declared by the manufacturer. The results of these studies can be used to improve the control of cooked sausages for their production in high quality veterinary and sanitary terms.

The article presents information on the improvement of veterinary-sanitary examination of products of slaughter animals and producing recommendations for inclusion in the “Regulations on the use of meat obtained from slaughter-producing animals and used for control of biological products”, enabling better safety of meat raw materials and finished products produced by enterprises biological industry.

Etiology, prevention, diagnosis and timely treatment of economically viable distal extremities remain open and relevant, encompasses the development and introduction of new, more effective methods of prevention and treatment that would prolong the economic use of cattle and enhance the profitability of the industry. At various industrial technology content of the number of sick animals with lesions of the limbs does not decrease, but rather increases, and especially in high-producing cows.

The article represents the results of the research devoted to the impact of gastrointestinal diseases of newborn calves on their repeated occurrence and the risk of respiratory organs pathology development. During observation after the treatment it has been marked that 23,3 % of calves from the second group demonstrated repeated gastrointestinal disease that was 1,6 times higher than the level of the control group (15 %). It was also marked that during the first 15 days after treatment 47,3 % of the calves from the second group demonstrated clinical signs of respiratory organs diseases (cough, dyspnea, serous outflows from the nose, etc.). Signs of the disease were registered only in 28,3 % of animals from the first group. Morbidity level of calves from the second group 1,7 times exceeded the level of the first group. It is demonstrated that young animals that suffered gastrointestinal diseases during early age are prone to the development of the second recurrence of this pathology. They also have a higher probability of respiratory organs diseases development.

The interrelation of the disease of wild boars and swine plays a significant role in the ASF spreading in Russia. Haphazard measures in disease eliminating among wild boars while the region is simultaneously infected with African swine fever in wild boars and swine leads to a chronic area infestation. While manifesting and early diagnosing ASF in swine only the disease usually occurs sporadically and has no tendency to spread. A deeper study of the disease manifestation causes of ASF in wild boars in healthy areas and of the ways of infection spreading within their population is required.

The article presents the features of the epidemic process of rabies in the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania (RNO-A) from 2011 to 2021. It provides epizootological and epidemiological characteristics of this zoonotic disease. We have identified risk areas and analyzed the main sources of the pathogen for humans among animals. It is interesting that, according to long-term observations on the territory of RNO-A, the main source of the rabies pathogen can be mainly found in both domestic and stray cats. Among requests from individuals that suffered animal injuries, during laboratory research it was verified that, only 1,8 % of animals contained rabies. Furthermore, more than a third (39,2 %) of those who applied for anti-rabies aid were found to have injuries of dangerous localization. On the territory of RNO-A foci of anthropurgic animal rabies predominate, however, in recent years cases of human rabies have not been registered.