In many countries of the world, quite large reserves of forest resources are located on mountain slopes. Such natural and production conditions are typical for the Far East of the Russian Federation, many countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the United States, and a number of European countries (Czech Republic, Austria, etc.). Harvesting operations in mountainous areas substantially reduce productivity and increase risks to people and machinery, especially if specially adapted technological processes are not used for these conditions. The article deals with the safe methods of loggers' work on mountain slopes. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry". The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-26-00009, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-00009/.
Currently, the main volume of timber harvesting in Russia is carried out with modern machinery complexes, mainly including wheeled forest machines of different layout and purpose (harvesters, forwarders, skidders, processors, etc.). With the help of special technical solutions, such as winches integrated into the transmission, or self-propelled winches (T-winch, ROB, etc.), these machines can be successfully operated even on fairly steep slopes. Modern technical solutions for providing safe operation of forest machines on mountain slopes are considered in the article. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry". The research was carried out at the expense of the grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-26-00009, https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-00009/.
Safety is the main criterion in the design and construction of industrial roads.compliance with safety regulations is the provision of relevant modern requirements for knowledge of the patterns of occurrence and development of any dangers, unforeseen situations on the roads that can affect human life and health, in the practical activities of specialist engineers, their ability and experience in preventing all kinds of accidents and avoid injury to workers.
For 30 years, water transport of timber was virtually forgotten due to a number of shortsighted regulations, as well as due to the transition of logging and timber transport into the hands of private entrepreneurs. But the continuous growth of transport tariffs for freight transportation, the lack of roads near logging areas and the shift of logging volumes to regions with limited transport accessibility, led to the need to look for ways to reduce the transport component in the delivery of wood raw materials to large timber processing plants. And such a way turned out to be the transport of timber in rafts on the water system of our country, especially in the regions of Siberia and the Far East. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry".
The main purpose of professional activity in the field of labor protection is prevention of industrial accidents and occupational diseases, reduction of exposure (elimination of exposure) of employees to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors, management of occupational risks. The article considers the experience of Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov in professional retraining in the field of labor protection.
The article is devoted to the actual in modern conditions issues of the characteristic of groups of hazardous harmful factors as the main parameters of occupationally caused pathologies of workers in the woodworking industry. Monitoring of safe working conditions at the enterprises of woodworking industry is shown. The structure of the given factors at the enterprises of woodworking with the account of the number of workers is considered. The characteristic of the reasons of traumatism is presented and the measures aimed at its reduction are determined.
In the realities of modern life and the work of occupational safety specialists and employers to ensure the safety of workers, many regulations have been formed in Russia. From the countless number of normative documents, it becomes difficult for an employer and a specialist to understand the numerous innovations. The article considers a set of interrelated measures that are elements of the occupational safety management system and include measures to identify, assess and reduce the levels of occupational risks.
Technological processes of wood processing are accompanied by emission of harmful organic substances into the air. One unit of technological equipment per day emits hundreds of thousands and millions of cubic meters of air polluted with harmful substances of ventilation air. The most common and toxic of these is formaldehyde. Emissions of formaldehyde are counted in tons per year. The article considers the solution to the problem of protecting the air basin of industrial enterprises and settlements from pollution by formaldehyde and associated volatile organic compounds with the help of absorption and biochemical installations.
Any woodworking company cannot do without such a procedure as timber drying. In order to prevent defects in the timber drying process, the most optimal drying chamber with the best operating conditions for the specific timber should be used. Safe and efficient drying of timber is, in many ways, the basis for safe and efficient operation of most woodworking enterprises. The article deals with the rules of safe operation of one of the most popular and effective types of drying chambers for timber — vacuum drying chambers.
In the article the problem of using algorithms in local positioning systems, based on the binding trajectories of the mobile object to the graph is considered. We have developed two algorithms. The first algorithm searches for the nearest point on the edges of the graph for each node of the mobile object trajectory. The second algorithm selects the direction of motion of the mobile object in the graph, depending on the change of direction of the links in the trajectory.
