In accordance with WHO guidelines, safe pregnancy and childbirth are ensured through the equal and effective provision of high quality health care, ensuring access to it and its use by all women and their newborns, with particular attention to the poor and risk groups. In this regard, knowledge of the features of physiological pregnancy is a necessary factor in ensuring the quality of work of the general practitioner.

Patients with gynecologic pathology and pregnancy are not uncommon in the work of a general practitioner. Early diagnosis, timely referral and adequate therapy are the key to successful treatment of this group of patients. The delivery of health care to patients with obstetric and gynecologic pathologies is regulated by a number of practice guidelines: the procedures for delivering health care, health care standards, clinical guidelines from professional bodies. Awareness of these regulatory documents and their observance by a general practitioner allows to achieve high quality of health care for this group of patients.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common infectious non-inflammatory syndrome associated with vaginal dysbiosis and accompanied by an excessively high concentration of obligate and facultative anaerobic opportunistic pathogens and a sharp decrease or absence of Lactobacilli in the vaginal discharge. This article covers the basics of etiology, pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis, diagnostic aspects, as well as the main approaches to treatment.

Tick-borne encephalitis (spring-summer tick-borne meningoencephalitis) is a natural focal viral infection characterized by fever, intoxication and damage to the gray matter of the brain and/or membranes of the brain and spinal cord (meningitis and meningoencephalitis). The disease can lead to persistent neurological and psychiatric complications and even death of the patient. Carriers of the virus according to statistics are six ticks out of a hundred (with sick from infected individuals can be from 2 to 6 % of bitten people) and depends on the region. As a specific prevention, vaccination is used, which is the most reliable preventive measure. Nonspecific measures of prevention are reduced to the prevention of mites sticking, and also to their early removal.

Scientists had not considered influenza as a contagious disease since 1173, the time of the first historically recorded flu epidemic, for more than 800 years, until the second half of the XIX century. To date, the World Health Organization has included pregnant women in risk group for developing severe/complicated flu. Thus, pregnant women suffering from influenza require hospitalization 4 times more often than non-pregnant; flu is more severe in patients in the third trimester of gestation, more than 8% of hospitalized pregnant women (mainly in the third trimester) with the disease require intensive therapy. The mortality rate for influenza among patients in the third trimester of pregnancy is maximum and reaches 16.9%, while the mortality rate among all hospitalized adults is 6%. The article presents the main aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of influenza during pregnancy, as well as one of the most serious complications of this infection – pneumonia.

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of skin sympathetic nervous activity in projections of the skin segments with autonomic activity according to the results of dynamic segmental diagnostics in patients with spinal cord ischemia and patients with spinal cord traumas. Dynamic segmental diagnostics was performed in patients with transient vertebral compression of arteria radicularis magna (also called the artery of Adamkiewicz) with a magistral type of spinal cord blood supply (25 people in the age group from 31 to 43 years old) and 130 patients with spinal cord injury aged 15 to 46 years old. During the study, it was found that local (1 segment) spinal cord injuries at various segmental levels, even if the spinal cord is completely interrupted, do not give reliably typical changes in skin sympathetic nervous activity in the distal part of extremities. On the other hand, a study of patients with ischemia of the spinal cord along its longitudinal axis showed that all patients with this pathology have varying degrees of decrease in skin sympathetic nervous activity in the skin segments with autonomic activity, located on the lower extremities, which is a typical sign of a violation of the autonomic functions of the skin in this category of patients.

A literature review concerning characteristics of etiological structure, nature of the course, risk factors for the development of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is presented. Peculiarities of urinary system infections have been studied by many domestic and foreign researchers, however, despite the abundance of information on this topic, its relevance and interest in it from practitioners of different disciplines and research staff remain quite high. The article presents current data on the classification of this group of diseases, characteristics of the disease course by age groups, the most frequent pathogens and their sensitivity to modern antimicrobial drugs. Chemical preparations for the treatment of urinary system infections are described, the main property of which should be the sensitivity of the main etiological agents of UTIs to them. It was concluded that, in order to avoid an increase in the resistance of pathogens and the development of complicated forms of UTI, it is necessary to use antibiotics with a lower potential risk of increasing the level of resistance to treat the urinary tract infections.

The article suggests a variant of an information sheet for the patients with bronchial asthma, which can be given to a patient, or be placed in a hospital to improve the awareness of the threatening symptoms and guidelines for effective treatment of bronchial asthma among the patients.

Every modern medical university student knows that asepsis is a system of measures aimed at preventing microorganisms from getting into the wound, and antisepsis is the fight against them. But this was not always the case, and until A. Leeuwenhoek discovered microorganisms using optical lenses, mankind could only guess about the existence of the smallest pathogens invisible to the eye. One day, exploring a drop of rainwater, which stood in a jug for some time, Leeuwenhoek found surprisingly small, but living "animals" that had different shapes and made random movements. The self-taught scientist gave them a detailed description, and the minds of modern times are still trying to understand how he managed to do this with such a small magnification. But however that might be, in 1683, bacteria were first discovered and later described. Prior to this, for many centuries, not only mankind had no protection against infections, but did not even recognize them as a disease at all. It was believed that they were "God's punishment for sins." The only advantage was that they tried to isolate such patients. Physicians of that time rightly noted that isolation prevents the spread of the disease. At his time, the Italian doctor Girolamo Fracastoro first suggested that the disease is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy through objects and can spread over a distance.

Arterial hypertension is considered refractory (resistant to treatment), in which treatment, including a change (improvement) of lifestyle and a rational combined antihypertensive therapy consisting of three drugs, including a diuretic, in the maximum tolerated dose does not lead to the achievement of the target level of blood pressure. There are pseudo-resistant and true resistant hypertension. According to modern data, true resistant hypertension occurs in no more than 5 % of cases among the entire population of patients with hypertension, but in certain groups of patients, for example, with chronic kidney disease, its prevalence can reach up to 30–50 %. The article presents a clinical case of diagnosis and treatment of hypertension resistant to treatment.

World Suicide Prevention Day owes its origin to two psychiatrists – Erwin Ringel and Norman Farberow. Ringel first introduced the concept of presuicidal syndrome in 1960 as a result of long-term studies of deviant behaviour among various groups of the population. Further scientific activities of the scientist were aimed at the possibility of correcting and neutralizing the aggressive factors that adversely affect a person and push him or her to suicide. In the same 1960, he and his colleague Norman Farberow created the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP), main goal of which is prevention of suicides. Having enlisted the support of the World Health Organization, IASP initiated the establishment of this day, which celebration began from September 10, 2003.