The article presents the results of studying the effects of high-intensity physical loads in professional sports. 311 elite athletes training in endurance sports were examined. Physiological values of most important markers of metabolic adaptation wereobtained and their frequency of deviations from reference ranges was found. The correlation between level of urea, triglycerides and glucose and training period, sport and gender was estimated. The main metabolic markers tendencies caused of physical loads were found depending on the stage of preparation.

Last years a big attention is paid to a problem of hypertensive status examination. Not only the aspects of formation, development and ways of treatment of the different kinds of hypertensive disease in different population groups are taken into consideration, but also hypertensive effects connected with sports activities. More and more attention is paid to study of mechanisms of heart and blood vessels correlation as on the level of O. Frank aortal compressive camera (АКК, Windkessel), as also on the level of microcirculation (peripheral vascular bed — peripheral arterial system resistance). Certain interest to studies of left cardiac ventricle afterload is reviving. The aim of the studies will be the estimation of afterload influence on cardiac efficiency, dynamics of cardiac output, and also its influence on appropriate levels of blood pressure levels in arterial system and level cardiac ventricle. Effects of cardiovascular system adaptation in the process of muscular training and after its completion are characterizing by certain coordinated changes of the complex of central hemodynamic, vascular heart loading and cardiac contractility indexes. Common changes in hemodynamic indexes and indexes of cardiac and blood vessels correlation are determining by functional condition of tested person, and also by the power capacity of work made by certain groups of muscles. 19 athletes took part in veloergometer test. They performed two load tests with 500 and 1000 kGm/min power capacity. Every loading test lasted from 3 to 5 minutes and reactivation time was 10 minutes. Also were tested 12 middle-distance runners; their parameters of hemodynamic were measured at rest and during interval training. It is shown, that reactivation after muscular training completion comes in some other way (in Re-surface) than during muscular work (after its completion it makes somehow a hysteresis loop).

As water balance of the body and thirst are not coinciding with one another, it becomes necessary to clear the fact, if traditional physical activity intensifies hydration of the organism of fitness-training contingent? 30 fitness-engaged persons were examined for that purpose.

Despite the fact that the prevalence of hypertension in the sports population is significantly lower than in the general population, but in a number of sports with a high volume of isometric loads (dominant in the speed and power sports) prevalence of high blood pressure and an increase in left ventricular mass is higher than in cyclic aerobic sports. Specific risk factors of formation of hypertension in the athletes are high intake of sodium, alcohol, caffeine, and a number of illicit drugs, including erythropoietin, growth hormone, and oral contraceptives in women. Laws of formation of athlete's heart are caused by training and competitive activity and generally do not lead to violations of systolic and diastolic function, but the increase in blood pressure in athletes increases the risk of myocardial hypertrophy, which is one of the possible contraindications for practicing sports with high dynamic and static loads.

Article considers a clinical case of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in an athlete. Also the review of modern information concerning clinical manifestations, methods of diagnostics and treatment is introduced.

Systematic features of the States of the electrical activity of the myocardium former and current athletes of high qualification categories. Grading is based on the analysis of electrocardiograms at rest, on the beat, in the process, after running the stress test with physical load with regard to clinical examination and expert advice required for the verification of diagnosis. Interpreted indicators of the electrical activity of the myocardium and the clinical condition of the athletes accompanied by the subsequent formation of the output and diagnostic conclusions. An algorithm for digital coding using a personal computer physiological, pathological and prepathological States with the withdrawal of recommendations.