Currently, in the context of the transformation of the socio-economic paradigm of Russian society and economy, continuous reforms in society and organizations of various forms of ownership, changes in the forms of traditional organization of society, a decrease in demand and social recognition of a number of classical professions, and growing unemployment (and, as a result, the fear of losing one's job), there is an increase in the prevalence of such a socio-psychological phenomenon as mobbing. The literature review conducted by the authors shows that the following are identified as organizational and managerial means of preventing mobbing in work teams: the formation of a healthy organizational culture in the organization; maintaining a healthy socio-psychological climate in work teams; development of management skills among managers to prevent the development of mobbing; rational and clear division of labor between departments, eliminating the possibility of duplicate or overlapping tasks in different departments; clear formulation of the official responsibilities of each employee, indicating the boundaries of their personal responsibility; formation of a transparent mechanism for making management decisions, rationalization and openness of information flows in the organization; formation of a system of personnel promotion and career growth opportunities; development of an intolerant attitude towards gossipmongers and intriguers at work.

Social and legal protection of medical workers is a system of measures aimed at ensuring guarantees, rights, and social support for those employed in the healthcare sector. It includes legal, social, economic, and organizational mechanisms that ensure occupational safety, fair remuneration, health protection, and support in the event of occupational risks and social instability. Social and legal protection is necessary for medical workers, as their work involves high professional risks, emotional stress, and direct contact with infectious diseases and stressful situations. In the Republic of Tatarstan, social and legal protection of medical workers is carried out at the federal level and subject to regional regulations. One of the problems of social and legal protection of medical workers in medical organizations of the Republic of Tatarstan is the lack of financial incentives and compensations. Despite the existing government salary increase programs, the level of remuneration for many medical professionals remains low and does not meet the conditions of high professional responsibility and risks. This situation leads to a decrease in motivation, a deterioration in the quality of medical care, and an outflow of personnel. To solve this problem, it is necessary to continue implementing measures to increase the level of wages and introduce allowances for work in harmful and dangerous conditions and incentive payments for the conscientious performance of official duties. Transparency and timely payments, taking into account the regional characteristics of medical institutions, and strengthening staff motivation are required. Another problem is the high degree of occupational risks faced by medical professionals. Constant contact with infectious diseases, the risk of occupational diseases and injuries pose a threat to the health of medical staff. The existing insurance and compensation system is often insufficient and does not provide full protection to affected employees. In order to improve the situation, it is necessary to introduce a system of compulsory insurance against occupational diseases and accidents at work. The main directions are simplification and transparency of compensation procedures, prevention of occupational risks, and medical support for employees.

The article is devoted to the analysis of topical issues of legal regulation of the work of medical workers who carry out their activities in educational organizations. The article examines the features of their legal status due to the dual nature of their activities, located at the junction of the healthcare and education sectors. The key regulatory legal acts regulating their work, the provisions of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal legislation on education and healthcare, as well as professional standards are considered. The existing gaps and conflicts in the legal regulation concerning the definition of labor functions, working hours, wages, responsibilities and qualification requirements are identified. The directions of improving legislation and law enforcement practice are proposed in order to increase the efficiency of medical workers in educational organizations and ensure an appropriate level of health protection for students and employees.

The authors have prepared a review of the literature on the phenomenon of the "healthy worker effect" and presented data from scientific research on the topic.

The aim of the study was to assess the behavioral risks in the social portrait of pregnant women under dispensary observation. The sociological study ‘Behavioral risks in the context of the social portrait of pregnant women’ involved 144 women in the third trimester of complicated pregnancy under observation in antenatal clinics in the Saratov region. Comparative analysis was carried out using the questions of the questionnaire developed by O. P. Shchepin et al. In the course of the study, a social portrait of the respondents was compiled. The age of the majority (55.8 %) of respondents is 20–29 years old. 38.4 % of respondents have higher education, 78.3 % of respondents are employed. 79.7 % of respondents are officially married. 48.1 % of respondents have no children in their family. 68.3 % of respondents refer themselves to the population with average income. 56.6 % of respondents assessed their health as satisfactory and 40.0 % as good. 66.7 % of respondents had complications during pregnancy. 58.3 % of respondents smoked before pregnancy and 25.0 % continue to smoke during pregnancy. 25.0 % of the respondents consumed alcohol before pregnancy and 1.7 % of the respondents continue to consume alcohol during pregnancy. 28.3 % of the respondents are engaged in sports. 75.0 % of the respondents were registered at the antenatal clinic before 12 weeks of pregnancy and underwent repeated examinations at the 30th week of pregnancy. 71.7 % fully comply with the doctor’s recommendations. 96.6 % of the respondents visit an obstetrician-gynecologist in a timely manner during pregnancy. Behavioral risks are considered from the perspective of the main threats to the health of pregnant women. The results of the analysis of the social portrait indicate the need for medical and social support of pregnant women and overcoming the medicalisation of their dispensary monitoring.

Occupational dyskinesias — coordinator neuroses (writer's cramp) — are occupational diseases that predominantly occur in professions requiring highly coordinated movements of the hand or the entire arm, with a significant excess of stereotyped movements per shift compared to normal levels (programmers, musicians, typists, etc.). The authors have prepared a review of sources on this issue.