Maksim Leonidovich Maksimov PhD in Medicine, professor, head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russia), professor of the Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy and Medical Chemistry, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (1, Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997, Russia), dean of the Faculty of Preventive Medicine and Healthcare Organization, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (2/1, Barrikadnaya str., building 1, Moscow, 125993, Russia), chief freelance specialist in Clinical Pharmacology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, E-mail: maksim_maksimov@mail.ru, ORCID ID 0000-0002-8979-8084
Irina Mikhailovna Filimonova PhD Candidate in Medicine, associate professor of the Department of Endocrinology, Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Anastasiya Alekseevna Shikaleva assistant professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education «Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russia, tel. +7 (937) 523-07-23, e-mail: shikaleva@gmail.com, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1798-0490
Yuriy Andreevich Knni assistant professor of the Department of General Hygiene, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kazan State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Roman Aleksandrovich Bontsevich PhD Candidate in Medicine, associate professor of Department of Internal Diseases No. 2, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Mari State University" (1, Lenin sq., Yoshkar-Ola, 424000, Russia), associate professor of the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Belgorod State National Research University" (85, Pobedy str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia), associate professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Kazan State Medical Academy Branch Campus of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Continuing Professional Education "Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (36, Butlerova str., Kazan, 420012, Russia), internist, pulmonologist, clinical pharmacologist, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-3905, bontsevich@bsu.edu.ru
The authors reviewed the main approaches to the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1 (including insulin therapy, glycemia self-monitoring, and education in the principles of disease management) and type 2 (nutrition, physical activity, glucose-lowering drugs, glycemia self-monitoring, education in the principles of disease management, and surgical treatment for morbid obesity), as well as gestational diabetes mellitus. The general principles of initiation and intensification of hypoglycemic therapy are considered.